Ordered sets of DNA fragments fixed to solid surfaces. The DNA fragments may represent all the open reading frames in a genome, a particular gene family, or any other subset of genes. Microarrays can be probed with RNA or cDNA derived from an organism to determine which transcripts are expressed under certain conditions. Microarrays are sometimes called gene chips.
Tool for large-scale analysis of gene expression, enabling the activities of hundreds of thousands of genes to be monitored simultaneously. By comparing microarrays from different samples, scientists find clues about which genes are involved in certain processes, such as stages of development or response to disease. ( see also)
Two-dimensional array in which genes or gene fragments are aligned in order to allow them to be probed in a high-throughput manner.
a complete reference work on the rapidly growing use of DNA microarray data in the diagnosis of and treatment planning for a large number of human cancers
Oligonucleotides, cDNAs, proteins, peptides, or other small molecules organized in a grid on a glass or plastic slide, silicon chip, fiber optic array, or filter membrane.
A technique for determining which genes are expressed in a given cell or tissue. The microarray itself is a glass slide or silicon chip containing hundreds of tiny spots, each spot containing a different DNA sequence from a different gene.
Probes or nucleic acid fragments attached or "arrayed" in very small spots on a solid surface. Arrays can be used for many applications, including screening for a specific gene or genomic region of interest as well as for physical mapping.
A tool to examine the expression levels and intertwined interactions among genes and among their products. Complementary DNA ( cDNA) of interest is affixed to a glass slide in an ordered array. The expression level is determined by the binding to cDNA. Click here to learn more about complementarity.