Generally a heat treatment to soften metals; for iron and steel, consists of heating above the critical temperature followed by slow cooling usually in the furnace.
A process involving controlled heating and subsequent controlled, generally slow, cooling applied usually to induce ductility in metals. The term also is used to cover treatments intended to remove internal stresses, alter mechanical or physical properties, produce a definite microstructure, and remove gases.
Generally a metallurgical process, in artificial intelligence a process in which a neural network searches for a set of weights to minimize errors; the search constantly shrinks as the weights find better values, analogous to the rearrangement of the molecules in a heated metal bar as the bar cools.
Heating a piece of steel, then allowing it to cool very slowly. This leaves the steel as soft as possible.
A thermal treatment used to soften the metal by removal of stresses from cold working or by coalescing precipitates from solid solution. When the metal is fully softened it is call a full anneal. When only some of the stresses are removed it is called a partial anneal. In the latter case, the metal is stronger but less ductile than in the case of a full anneal.
A type of heat treatment often used to soften a material. Annealing involves heating material to a specific temperature, holding it at that temperature for a known length of time, then cooling slowly to room temperature.
The process of preventing objectionable stresses in sheer, float, or rolled glass during manufacture by controlled cooling. Re-annealing is the process of removing objectionable stresses in glass by re-heating to a suitable temperature followed by controlled cooling.
Heating to and holding at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate to lower the hardness or alter other mechanical or physical properties.
the process of putting material in its softest condition for further processing. This is normally done by heating material to a certain temperature, then cooling it under controlled conditions.
The process of controlled gradual cooling of an object after a hot-working process, so the the thicker and thinner parts cool at the same rate. The annealing process prevents the development of stresses that damage glass, toughening it. Annealing is done in a oven or Lehr and allows a uniform cooling rate for varying thickness of parts of an object. Done in stages: the anneal soak and anneal cool.
The treatment of a metal, alloy, or other material by heating to a predetermined temperature, holding for a certain time, and then cooling to room temperature.
A process of heating a material for a given time at a given temperature, followed by a slow cooling. It is a common form of heat treatment.
process for removing stresses in metal via heating
Process by which a hot glass item is (after completion) uniformly re-heated and then gradually cooled down over many hours in the Lehr, in order to toughen it and make it less likely to crack when subjected to changes of temperature
A heat treatment that is used to soften steel and involves heating the steel to a pre-determined temperature, soaking the steel at that temperature for a pre-determined time and then cooling the steel down under controlled conditions. After being annealed a steel will be closer to its equilibrium state and will exhibit improved formability and machinability. The temperature used can depend upon the chemical composition and the initial state of the steel and on the outcome desired of the treatment. This requirement of the treatment gives rise to the terms: stress-relief annealing, recrystallisation annealing, spheroidisation annealing, sub-critical annealing, inter-critical annealing, isothermal annealing, full annealing.
The process by which steel is heated and then cooled to improve its formability and make its surface more durable. The steel sheet is heated to a designated temperature for a sufficient amount of time and then cooled. The bonds between the grains of the metal are stretched when a coil is cold rolled, leaving the steel brittle and breakable. Annealing "recrystallizes" the grain structure of steel by allowing for new bonds to be formed at the high temperature. There are two ways to anneal cold-rolled steel coils - batch and continuous. (1) Batch (Box). Three to four coils are stacked on top of each other, and a cover is placed on top. For up to three days, the steel is heated in a non-oxygen atmosphere (so it will not rust) and slowly cooled. (2) Continuous. Normally part of a coating line, the steel is uncoiled and run through a series of vertical loops within a heater: The temperature and cooling rates are controlled to obtain the desired mechanical properties for the steel.
Process of strengthening glass or metal objects during manufacture by a controlled and gradual reheating and cooling. This avoids the build-up of internal stress that could lead to cracking.
The process of relieving stresses in molded plastic articles by heating to a predetermined temperature, maintaining this temperature for a predetermined length of time, and slowly cooling the articles to be painted which might craze due to solvent attack.
Heating to and holding at a suitable temperature followed by cooling at a suitable rate to produce desired changes in a ferrous alloy's properties. Annealing can produce one or more of the following effects: remove stresses, "soften" by altering mechanical properties, refine the grain structure, or produce definite microstructure.
A heat treatment process that makes Cold-rolled steel more suitable for forming and bending.
A treatment consisting of heating uniformly to a temperature, within or above the critical range, and cooling at a controlled rate to a temperature under the critical range. This treatment is used to produce a definite microstructure, usually one designed for best machinability, and/or to remove stresses, induce softness, and alter ductility, toughness or other mechanical properties.
A careful process of alternately heating and working steel to prevent the metal from over-hardening.
Raising the temperature of a material so that recrystallization and grain growth begin, and then permitting the material’s temperature to slowly decrease back to room temperature.
Heat treatment of an already hardened steel to soften it.
This is a method which is used to make metal softer and easier to work by reheating . By re-heating the metal the crystal lattice can reform, reversing the effects of work hardening
The heating and controlled cooling of a material to reduce hardness, or obtain desired mechanical, physical, or other properties.
A process whereby etched brass is heated in a flame to make it more pliable and less brittle.
Heating, followed by cooling to soften metal and reduce internal stress.
A laser process where the laser is used to heat steel or titanium to near the melting point, to induce a color change to black in the upper .001” to .003” of the material. Does not remove material, leaving a perfectly smooth surface when done properly. Very common for marking on surgical tools and medical implants.
The process of making brass more malleable by controlled heating followed by rapid cooling. Usually applied to the neck and shoulder area of cases which are to be reformed to a calibre or design different from the original ( makes them less prone to cracking during the reforming process ). This should not be done to the head of the case, since reducing the strength of this part may result in failures.
hardening something by heat treatment
Annealing generally refers to the heating and retarded cooling of solid material for the purpose of removing stresses, making it softer, refining its structure or changing its ductility, toughness of other properties. Specific heat treatments covered by the term annealing include black annealing blue annealing, box annealing, bright annealing, full annealing, graphitizing, malleablizing and process annealing.
The process of reducing a material's internal stesses and increasing its strength and ductility by heating, maintaing heat, followed by slowly decreasing temperature until cool. The effects of annealing can can be controlled to varying degrees depending on the temperature reached, the duration at that temp, and the cooling rate. Anealing can can also affect deflection temperature, solvent and stress crack resistance and other characteristics. The data sheets for many materials list the values of at least some properties before and after annealing.
The heating and cooling of steel to remove stresses, alter physical, mechanical and metallurgical properties, increase corrosion resistance, or to thermally treat steel prior to age hardening. Some scaling results from an oxide anneal.
In copper and bronze metallurgy, this refers to the repeated process of heating and hammering the material to produce the desired shape.
The heat treatment process by which steel products are reheated to a suitable temperature in order to remove stresses resulting from previous processing and to soften them and/or improve their machinability and cold forming properties.
A process by which strain is removed from a glass blank. It involves a carefully controlled heating and cooling cycle (to within fractions of a degree over many hours).
Heating steel to a certain temperature, holding it at that point, then cooling it slowly. The purposes of annealing vary (e.g. to improve machinability, cold working properties, to remove stresses, to soften, etc.). Annealing usually takes place in the furnace where it can cool slowly.
the process of reheating glass and allowing it to cool at a slow, uniform rate; properly done, annealing removes the stress within the glass.
Reheating silver to keep it malleable while it is being worked.
heating and cooling cycles to soften strip steel for rerolling or forming into parts
The process of heating and then cooling a metal, alloy, or glass, usually to remove internal stresses and to make the material less brittle. Also, cooling slowly, usually in a furnace.
A process of heating and cooling steel sheets, bars, rods, etc. to remove contained stresses, or to alter mechanical or physical properties.
The process of heating glass to a high temperature and then cooling it slowly to prevent brittleness.
A process of heating a material to a temperature just below its melting point and then gradually cooling it. This will relax stress caused during the molding process without distortion of the shape.
Annealing is the name given to a process to restore the malleability of silver and other metals that are made brittle by hammering. The metal is heated until red hot and then immersed into cold water.
The controlled process of cooling glass after manufacturing to strengthen glass and make it less brittle.
A heat treating operation wherein metal is heated to a temperature above its critical range, held at that temperature long enough to allow full recrystallization, then slowly cooled through the critical range. Annealing removes working strains, reduces hardness, and increases ductility.
the process of cooling glass slowly and evenly, to eliminate stresses, which build up during manufacture.
A process involving high-temperature heating and cooling of the as-rolled cold rolled steel substrate to make it softer and more formable.
Technique of keeping a material for a period of time at a temperature short of melting, to relieve internal stresses; the application of heat to a formed or oriented plastic article to relieve stress resulting from the forming or orientation process.
Annealing is the process of heating and cooling material in such a way as to soften it, and to produce desired changes in other properties or microstructure.
When non-ferrous metals are hammered, bent or physically changed they become work-hardened. Non-ferrous metals are easily formed because of a crystalline structure that allows the molecules of metal to basically slide on each other. From excessive sliding the crystalline structure will break down & the metal will become work-hardened. Work-hardened metal will crack or break if it is not annealed. To anneal a piece, it must be heated to a dull red. This heating allows the metal's crystalline structure to reform and make it flexible again.
The process of treating an aluminum alloy with heat in order to soften it.
The process of slowly cooling a completed object in an auxiliary part of the glass furnace, or in a separate furnace. This is an integral part of glassmaking because if a hot glass object is allowed to cool too quickly, it will be highly strained by the time it reaches room temperature; indeed, it may break as it cools. Highly strained glasses break easily if subjected to mechanical or thermal shock. See Lehr.
A process by which a cold-rolled steel coil is heated to a designated temperature and then cooled. The annealing process makes the coil easier to bend and form.
The process of softening an object or changing other properties of the object through cycles of heating and cooling.
A generic term denoting a treatment. consisting of heating to and holding at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate, used primarily to soften metallic materials, but also to simultaneously produce desired changes in other properties or in microstructure. The purpose of such changes may be. but is not confined to. improvement of machinability, facilitation of cold work, improvement of mechanical or electrical properties, and/or increase in stability of dimensions. When the term is used by itself, full annealing is implied. When applied only for the relief of stress, the process is properly called stress relieving or stress-relief annealing.
the gradual cooling of hot glass in an oven or lehr. IGCB
a generic term used to denote a heat treatment wherein the microstructrure and, consequently, the properties of a material are altered. Frequently, refers to heat treatment whereby a cold-worked metal is softened by allowing it to recrystallize.
To soften the metal by heating it to a predetermined temperature somewhere below its melting point.
the process used to soften silver by heating to a dull red glow and quenching in water
A process of holding a material at a temperature near, but below, its melting point to permit stress relaxation without distorting the shape. A controlled cooling that prevents additional stress is often part of the process. It is often used to relieve stress created in the manufacturing processes of forming and cooling of parts.
In handloading, the controlled heating of brass after work-hardening to prevent it from becoming too brittle. Only the neck should be annealed, and great care should be taken not to overheat and thus soften the head and rear portion of the case. See Work-harden.
A softening treatment consisting of heating carbon or alloy steel to an appropriate temperature, holding at the temperature for a proper period of time and slowly cooling to room temperature. Austenitic stainless steels and nonferrous alloys are water quenched.
Heating to holding at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate, for such purposes as: inducing softness improving machinability improving cold working properties obtaining a desired structure removing stresses When applicable, the more specific terms, full annealing, isothermal annealing or sub-critical annealing could be used:- Full annealing. Heating to and holding at some temperature above the transformation range, followed by cooling slowly by the transformation range. Isothermal Annealing. Heating to and holding at some temperature above the transformation range, then cooling to and holding at a suitable temperature until the austenite to pearlite transformation is complete, and finally cooling freely. Sub-Critical Annealing. Heating to and holding at some temperature below the transformation range, followed by cooling at a suitable rate.
Reducing hardness and stress in a metal, such as stainless steel, through heating and cooling applications.
To heat above the critical or recrystallization temperature, then controlled cooling of glass or other materials to eliminate the effects of cold-working, relieve internal stresses or improve strength, ductility, or other properties.
A controlled heating and cooling process designed to relieve internal stresses introduced in a glass container during and immediately after glass container formation.
In the manufacturing of float glass, the process of controlled cooling done in a Lahr to prevent residual stresses in the glass. Re-annealing is the process of removing objectionable stresses in glass by re-heating to a suitable temperature followed by controlled cooling.
Heat treatment process to soften material that has hardened during rolling or drawing processes.
Annealing is the process for making material softer while producing uniform material properties. A material can be annealed by heating it to a specific temperature and then letting the material slowly cool to room temperature in an oven. This process is expensive because the oven is unusable during the cool down process. See also normalizing, stress relieving, spheroidizing, tempering.
A heat treatment for metals, primarily used to induce softness in the material. Annealing also refines the crystalline structure, removes stresses, and changes electro-magnetic properties of ferrous metals.
Heating at high temperature and then controlled slow cooling.
Process of heating and cooling in water to return the malleability to metals made brittle by hammering, especially silver.
Heating to and holding at a suitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate, for such purposes as reducing hardness, improving machinability, facilitating cold working, producing a desired microstructure, or obtaining desired mechanical, physical, or other properties. When applicable, the following more specific terms should be used: black annealing, blue annealing, box annealing, bright annealing, flame annealing, graphitizing, intermediate annealing, isothermal annealing, malleablizing, process annealing, quench annealing, recrystallization annealing, and spheroidizing. When applied to ferrous alloys, the term annealing, without qualification, implies full annealing. When applied to nonferrous alloys, the term annealing implies a heat treatment designed to soften an age-hardened alloy by causing a nearly complete precipitation of the second phase in relatively coarse form. Any process of annealing will usually reduce stresses, but if the treatment is applied for the sole purpose of such relief, it should be designated stress relieving.
The process of heating to and holding at a suitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate, for such purposes as reducing hardness, improving machinability, facilitating cold working, producing a desired micro-structure or obtaining desired physical, mechanical or other properties.
Heat treatment of metal for a warmer, more colorful tone. Back
the heating of a die or planchet to soften the metal before preparation of the die or striking of the coin
After glass is heated to a high temperature and worked, it must be cooled slowly to prevent it from cracking, fracturing or shattering, this process is called annealing.
The process of heating silver between sessions of hammering, pressing or rolling. The compression makes the silver brittle and the heating restores its molecular structure to its prestressed state.
The process of slow cooling heated glass through the annealing zone to prevent the presence of internal stress.
Glass is heated high enough in a lehr to relieve internal stresses and then slowly cooled to avoid creating new stresses
The process of heating blanks (planchets) in a furnace that softens the metal before striking. Get Site info
The process of heating up coin planchets, just prior to striking in order to make them soft and thus receive a better impression of the design. This process today is now accomplished by advanced machinery. In ancient times the mint would anneal the planchets by holding them in a pair tongs over a charcoal fire.
A heating and cooling operation implying usually a relatively slow cooling. Annealing is a comprehensive term. The process of such a heat treatment may be: to remove stresses; to induce softness; to alter ductility; toughness; electrical magnetic, or other physical properties; to refine the crystalline structure; to remove gases; to produce a definite micro-structure. In annealing, the temperature of the operation and the rate of cooling depend upon the material being heat treated and the purpose of the treatment.
Any treatment of metal at an elevated temperature for the purpose of softening, removing residual stresses, recrystallization and other purposes.
a heat treatment of a metal designed to produce a soft, ductile condition. Typically the metal is heated and allowed to cool slowly.
In the manufacturing of float glass, it is the process of controlled cooling done in a lehr to prevent residual stresses in the glass. Reannealing is the process of removing objectionable stresses in glass by reheating to a suitable temperature, followed by controlled cooling.
The procedure whereby a metal is softened through heating and cooling treatments.
A process of heat treatment for reducing the degree of metal to give it maximum malleability or ductility.
A process of holding a material at a temperature mean, but below its melting point, the objective being to permit stress relaxation without distortion of shape. It is often used on molded articles to relieve stresses set up by flow into the moulds.
A process of heating cold stainless steel to obtain maximum softness and ductility by heat treatment which also produces a homogeneous structure (in austenitic grades) or a 50/50 mixture of austenite and ferrite (in duplex grades). It relieves stresses that have built up during cold working and insures maximum corrosion resistance. Annealing can produce scale on the surface that must be removed by pickling.
Annealing is the process of heating a metal and then cooling it to make it more workable. As metal is worked (hammered, rolled, etc.), stresses make the metal brittle (the metal molecules are pulled into random structures during the working). Annealing the metal make the metal re-crystallize, putting the molecules in an orderly structure. The temperature (and amount of time it takes) for annealing a metal depends on what metal or alloy it is. Large pieces are annealed in an annealing oven; small pieces are annealed using a blow-torch.
Heating steel to, and holding at a suitable temperature, followed by relatively slow cooling. The purpose of annealing may be to remove stresses, to soften the steel, to improve machinability, to improve cold working properties, to obtain a desired structure. The annealing process usually involves allowing the steel to cool slowly in the furnace. Annealing, Finish A sub-critical annealing treatment applied to cold-worked low-or medium-carbon steel. Finish annealing, which is a compromise treatment, lowers residual stresses, thereby minimizing the risk of distortion in machining while retaining most of the benefits to machinability contributed by cold working. Annealing, Intermediate Annealing wrought metals at one or more stages during manufacture and before final treatment. Annealing, Partial An imprecise term used to denote a treatment given to cold-worked material to reduce their strength to a controlled level or to affect stress relief. To be meaningful, the type of material, the degree of cold work, and the time-temperature schedule must be stated.
A process involving heating and cooling, usually applied to induce softening. The term also refers to treatments intended to alter mechanical or physical properties, produce a definite microstructure or remove gases.
Treating metals, alloys or glass by heating and controlled slow cooling, primarily to soften them and remove residual internal stress.
Process in which metal is heated, retained at a suitable temperature, then cooled rapidly or slowly to reduce internal stress. As a result, the metal becomes softer and more workable, particularly in cold processes.
That is the designation for the thermal treatments, with which the material properties can be changed. First of all the steel is heated to certain temperatures, followed by a certain holding time and subsequent cooling. The temperatures for the various annealing types depend on the chemical composition and the desired properties. There is a differentiation between: Stress relief annealing. Internal stresses, which occur during cooling of a work-piece, are reduced with this annealing method. Re-crystallization annealing. Here the steel is heated beyond its re-crystallization temperature to enable a deformation of the crystal lattice. This thermal treatment is predominantly applied after strong deformations (drawing, pilger milling, etc.). Soft annealing produces a soft condition - favorable for further treatment. Thus even cementite particles are globularly spheroidized. Normalizing annealing sets a uniform and fine-grained microstructure with shares of pearlite. Coarse grain annealing serves the achievement of a coarse grain. Thus the ability for rapid machining is improved. Diffusion annealing allows the elimination of local concentration differences (segregation).
Heating a metal in order to soften it after hardening by cold work or heat treatment.
Process of heating and cooling applied to metal (blank -planchet) to relieve stresses and prepare it for striking into coins.
Applies to softening by changing the microstructure and is the term used to describe the heating and cooling cycles in a solid state.
A process wherein the steel is heated to a temperature and after this temperature is maintained for a certain time, the steel is cooled at a suitable rate. This is done in order for the steel to reach the desired microstructure and properties as well as to reduce the hardness of the steel. The heating is usually done to over 1, 900 degrees Fahrenheit, followed by a rapid cooling process.
heating then cooling gradually to toughen or release stress
A process involving heating and cooling designed to effect: (1) softening of a cold-worked structure by recrystallization or grain growth or both; (2) softening of an age-hardened alloy by causing a nearly complete precipitation of the second phase in relatively coarse form; (3) softening of certain age-hardenable alloys by dissolving the second phase and cooling rapidly enough to obtain a supersaturated solution; (4) relief of residual stress.
process by which a material is heated under pressure.
A heat-treatment process to reduce hardness or brittleness, relieve stresses, improve machinability, facilitate cold working, or produce a desired microstructure or property.
The process of heating a metal and slowly cooling it, reducing the brittleness and increasing the strength of the metal. See Bright Annealing, Double Annealing.
A heating and cooling operation, usually slow cooling, performed on steels in the solid state. Annealing is a comprehensive term, the purpose of which may be: To remove stress. To induce softness. To alter ducility, toughness, electrical, magnetic or other physical properties. To refine the crystalline structure. To remove gasses. To produce a definite microstructure.
The heat treating ( softening ) of metal after it has been work-hardened with steel tools, and is necessary between raising and forging stages.
the process of subjecting steel to high heat, with subsequent gradual cooling, to soften the steel thoroughly and render it less brittle. Chemical symbol for Boron
the process of heating coin blanks to soften the metal prior to striking coins out of them.
A method of method of toughening certain metals and decreasing their brittleness by heating and then allowing them to cool slowly - relieving stresses in the material.
The heating of a material to a sufficiently high temperature with subsequent controlled cooling to relieve any internal stress and strains.
A heat treatment commonly used to soften an aluminium alloy.
The process of heating and cooling a material at a controlled rate to improve its internal stresses and modify its internal crystalline or chemical structure. Annealing can make metals and optical materials more flexible and less brittle.
The heating and cooling process by which planchets are softened to allow the metal to flow more smoothly during the strike.
1. The gradual cooling of glass from higher working temperatures to room temperature, in order to reduce the amount of internal strain inherent in glass. 2. The process of rendering metal more malleable by heating it to a specific temperature.
slow glass cooling process starting at around 500°C in a special oven. back buttering
Heat treatment intended to give a hardened and relatively brittle material a higher strength.
A process involving the heating and cooling of a metal, commonly used to induce softening. The term refers to treatments intended to alter mechanical or physical properties or to produce a definite microstructure.
Annealing, in glassblowing and lampworking, is the process of heating, and then slowly cooling glass to increase "softness" (ductility) and durability. This process relieves the internal stresses, making the glass much more durable. Glass which has not been annealed will crack or even shatter when subjected to a relatively small temperature change or other shock.
Annealing, in metallurgy and materials science, is a heat treatment where in the microstructure of a material is altered, causing changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. It is a process that produces equilibrium conditions by heating and maintaining at a suitable temperature, and then cooling very slowly. It is used to induce softness, relieve internal stresses, refine the structure and improve cold working properties.