That means the property of a material, to be machinable by cutting under given circumstances. Each material has to be investigated with regard to its cutting behavior in various processing processes (drilling, turning, milling, etc.). Generally, there is good machinability, when: the machining force is low, the cutting edge stays sharp for a long time, a large machining volume is generated in a short time, the surface achieved is good and the chip shape is favorable. The cutting conditions have substantial influence on machinability: cutting edge geometry, cutting material, cutting speed, feed, etc. It is therefore impossible to express machinability by means of an index number. The operating time of the tool is often stated as feature for machinability of a material.
This is a generic term for describing the ability of a material to be machined. To be meaningful, machinability must be qualified in terms of tool wear, tool life, chip control, and/or surface finish and integrity. Overall machining performance is affected by variables relating to the machining operation and the workpiece. An overall review is provided in the ASM Metals Handbook: Machinability, Volume 16.