a socialist movement among Jews in the Pale of Settlement in western Russia in the late 1800's. The Bundists supported Jewish linguistic and political autonomy. Their nationalism was cultural rather than territorial and, thus, they were at odds with much of the Zionist movement.
A political labor organization of Jewish workers founded in Vilna, Lithuania in 1987. The name is an abbreviation in Yiddish for The General Union of Jewish Workers in Russia, Lithuania, and Poland. The Bund opposed Zionism and viewed Yiddish as the only secular Jewish language.
Jewish Workers’ Party, a Marxist, albeit non-Stalinist, underground group active in the Warsaw ghetto and other places in Poland. Founded in Vilna in 1897.
a rock and gravel embankment or stopbank build to prevent lahars from spilling out of the Whangaehu valley into the Tongariro and Lake Taupo catchment.
A containment unit built around liquid material storage tanks and areas for products with the potential to cause harm if accidentally released. The bunds are constructed of a material that is impermeable to the materials stored.
a containment, usually a wall that surrounds tanks or a storage area, which is designed to temporarily retain any leaks until repairs can be undertaken
A barrier on the surface of the soil on sloping land to prevent runoff and soil erosion. The arrangement of organic material, for example, agricultural waste or soil, in lines along the contours of a slope, to control runoff or erosion.