Established rules of behavior or standards of conduct.
A set of scores that describes the performance of a specific population of students at a particular grade level on a selection or constructed response set of tasks. The population may be a local, state, or national population. These sets are used to interpret scores of students on the same selection or constructed response set of tasks and belonging to the same population.
Principle of right action binding upon the members of a group and serving to guide, control, or regulate proper and acceptable behavior.
customary types of behaviour; specific rules that outline what is considered to be standard behaviour for a role
an empirically derived distribution of scores on a test, which provides reference data for appropriate groups of examinees, e.g., students' results on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) are reported with reference to norms so that students can see where they stand in comparison with the general population of foreign students.
MORI's database of normative data is often referred to as 'norms'. The database is composed of standardised questions and compares the results of various clients. For example, Councils can see how well they score in comparison with similar Councils.
Standardized scores that have been developed using a group from a population. Norms are generally considered as "typical" scores for a group. Norms exist for many tests and questionnaires that are used in mental health research.
The plural of norm, also referred to as normative data; the test performance data of a group of testtakers, designed as a reference for evaluating, interpreting, or otherwise placing in context individual test scores, 30, 100-112
A shared expectation of behaviour, that notes what is considered culturally desirable and appropriate. They are prescriptive, but lack the formal status of rules.
A group standard; a way of behaving in a group, which is either established cognitively by a healthy group upon beginning a task, or which evolves through the behaviors of the group over time.
The distribution of test scores for a norming group. Norms are the test results achieved by the norming group.
The rules of behavior that are part of the ideology of the group. Norms tend to reflect the values of the group and specify those actions that are proper and those that are inappropriate, as well as rewards for adherence and the punishment for conformity. Norms are important for librarians to understand when serving culturally diverse markets.
One meaning is 'standard considered normal': for example, levels of mathematics knowledge at a given stage of school or standards of behaviour expected in a school community. 'Norm' also has a statistical significance – a norm-referenced test or examination, for instance, is one in which participants' grades depend on their position in the distribution of scores around the mean. In one version of this, a C grade would be achieved by those scoring around the mean, an A by those whose score is one standard deviation or more above the mean and an E by those one standard deviation or more below it.
Norms are the scores from large, representative groups of students. Typically, these groups are defined by common characteristics such as grade level, gender, national/regional/state/district level, public/private sector, and urban/rural location. Norms help educators compare performance of individual students to these larger groups.
A set of scores that describes the performance of a specific group of Pupils, usually a national sample at a particular grade level, on a task or test; these scores are used to interpret scores of other pupils who perform the same task or take the same test.
A fixed or ideal standard.
A statistical description of the test performance of a well-defined group that serves as a reference by which to gauge the performance of the other individuals who take the test. Most norms tables show, in descending order, various test scores and the percentage of people in the reference group who scored below each score level. Thus, knowing an individual's score, you can quickly determine how he or she compares with the reference group.
social or cultural sanctions defining the acceptability of behaviours within a given cultural context.
Standards or rules about what is acceptable behavior.
A pattern or average regarded as typical of a specific group.
(p. 260) "..a pattern of behavior that is somewhere along the road of reification, taking on a certain sanctity - becoming accepted as a way that people ought to behave." Some norms are supported and justified by tradition and religious beliefs. Others are legislated into laws. Sociologists view norms as expected behaviors.
Statistics that provide a frame of reference by which meaning may be given to test scores. Norms are based upon the actual performance of students of various grades or ages in the standardization group for the test. Because they represent average or typical performance, they should not be regarded as standards or universally desirable levels of attainment.
The norms of an inventory or published questionnaire refer to the previously researched scores obtained from specific groups of the population. For example, a questionnaire can be applied to different types of workers, age groups, clinical versus non-clinical samples, and so on, and their data (means and standard deviations) will be included in the manual that accompanies a published questionnaire or inventory. It is then possible to use these norms to better understand scores obtained from participants in a new investigation.
The average or typical scores on a test for members of a specified group. They are usually presented in tabular form for a series of different homogeneous groups. Objective A desired educational outcome such as "constructing meaning" or "adding whole numbers." Usually several different objectives are measured in one subtest.
A widespread practice, procedure, or custom serving to guide appropriate behavior. May be used as a synonym for mean or average.
informally agreed-upon standards that regulate team behaviour
The rules or expectations that specify appropriate behaviour in the group; the standards by which group members regulate their actions.
Standardisation of a test involved the relating of performance in the test to the chronological age of the respondent. Average performance for children of each age can be calculated, and used to judge the quality of performances in the future of children of different ages. So the same raw score will in general correspond to different standardised scores in children of different ages. Objective Assessment An assessment whose materials and their presentation, instructions and precise answers have been agreed and which be objectively and reliably marked using a scoring key or an automated scoring system.
Collective decisions about what constitutes appropriate behavior.