A resinous substance flowing spontaneously from trees of Zanzibar, Madagascar, and South America (Trachylobium Hornemannianum, Trachylobium verrucosum, and Hymenæa Courbaril), and dug from earth where forests have stood in Africa; -- used chiefly in making varnishes.
Term given to a variety of hard resins, obtained from fossils or from living trees.
a very aromatic resin produced by a tree of the same name (Protium copal) in tropical regions. Copal is burned and gives off a very pleasant aroma. It is also used in the preparation of varnishes.
A hard resin used in producing varnishes and painting mediums.
a brittle aromatic resin used in varnishes
A resin made from fossil trees, used as a varnish and in paint media, varying from soft to hard. All generally called “copal.†For years there were arguments about the use of these resins for painting mediums. They can be very brittle so should not be used as a picture varnish. These resins are mined in Africa. Because they are not shipping very much anymore, they have mostly stopped being manufactured.
Brittle aromatic yellow to red resins of recent or fossil origin, obtained from tropical trees.
A hard resin used in making varnishes and painting mediums. (3)
Any of a number of hard natural resins, originally semi-fossilized, used to make varnishes and painting mediums for many centuries. No longer used in picture varnishes because it darkens badly and can tend to form cracks, still in use by some oil painters in mediums. There are synthetic resin varnishes sold under the name copal.
Copal is a type of resin produced by plant or tree secretions, particularly identified with the forms of aromatic tree resins used by the cultures of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica as a ceremonially burned incense, as well as for a number of other purposes.Stross (1997). More generically, the term copal is now also used to describe resinous substances in an intermediate stage of polymerization and hardening between more viscous and 'gummy' resins and amber.Platt (1998).
