see Smile Re-whitening

Refers to the bleaching of pulps used in paper making - see TCF and ECF.

Linen was green or brown in its natural state after being woven. In order to give it its attractive white colour, it had to be bleached or whitened. Bleaching was a long and slow process in the early part of the eighteenth century but it became much faster in the nineteenth century as a result of scientific advances. | list | close this window

The chemical process used to remove color or whiten solid wood. This process may be used to lighten an extremely dark wood or to whiten a lighter colored wood. Most woods do not turn completely white when bleached.

Pertaining to the whitening of teeth with chemical agents.

acid based gel used to condition teeth and make them whiter.

Removal or modification of coloured components in pulp to improve brightness. Bleaching is carried out in several consecutive stages

(TCF) Totally Chlorine Free This pulp is bleached without the use of chlorine chemicals i.e. no chlorine gas or chlorine dioxide, giving zero AOX level. The most likely bleaching agents will be liquid oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide.(ECF) Elemental Chlorine Free This pulp is bleached without the use of chlorine gas. However some chlorine dioxide is used, plus other non chlorine based products such as Oxygen. Pulps using this bleaching method contain up to 0.5kgs AOX per tonne of air dried pulp.

The process of chemically treating pulp in order to give it a lighter colour or higher brightness.

The cosmetic whitening or reduction of coloured substances by the chemical action of an oxidising or reducing agent. The process is likely to weaken paper or textiles and is rarely a recommended conservation treatment.

Bleaching lightens and whitens ivory and pearl.

A cosmetic dental procedure that whitens teeth using a bleaching solution.

a safe and effective way to whiten your smile and remove unattractive discoloration

Teeth can often be whitened by the several new techniques of "bleaching" available today. The most common methods used are the "in-office" method where a strong bleaching agent is placed over the isolated teeth and a special light is used to assist the bleaching material lighten the teeth. This method is generally more controlled and probably better for people who have tetracycline stains or streaks on their teeth. The "home" techniques involve making trays which fit into the mouth and these are then filled with bleaching materials. When worn for a few hours a day, noticeable results are seen generally within a few days to a couple weeks. Results vary from individual to individual and it is probably best to check with your dentist to help decide which method works best for you. Some of the factors involved include the intensity of the stains, whether or not you have fillings or crowns on your front teeth as well as what may have caused the stains.

Also known as whitening, the process of lightening off-colored or stained teeth with supervised bleaching methods. This can be done in-office with a laser or at home with individualized trays, according to the convenience of the patient.

In finishing, the removal of color or whitening of the substrate.

A chemical treatment used to whiten, brighten and improve the performance of pulp.

Bleaching method using chlorine or other chemicals to whiten the colour of the woodpulp used in papermaking.

A simple yet effective and affordable procedure which uses carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide to lighten dark or stained teeth. We offer professionally supervised at-home treatments or an accelerated in-office process.

A technique that involves making the teeth whiter.

oxygenating and conditioning the teeth with an acid based gel

Also called teeth whitening. Techniques which create whiter teeth at home or in the dental office.

Whitening of teeth with a peroxide based material. May take from 1 visit to 2 weeks to complete.

A technique to lighten the overall color of a wood.

The technique of applying a chemical agent to the teeth to whiten them.

Whitening teeth using a combination of solutions which includes weak acids and hydrogen peroxide.

A procedure to whiten the teeth by applying chemical agents.

This is a chemical treatment to whiten teeth using a solution or gel containing bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide, (brand names like Day White and Zoom) or carbamide peroxide (products like Nite White and Opalescence). Can either be carried out at home or at dental offices.

Chemical treatment to brighten, whiten, purify, refine, and balance pulp fiber.

Loss of colour, usually caused by exposure to sunlight.

the process of brightening the fibre by removal of the coloured substance or by decolourising it

chemical or laser treatment of natural teeth that uses peroxide to produce the whitening effect.

This is sometimes done to remove stains, or lighten browning. Bleaching almost inevitably weakens paper, and should not be done casually, nor should it be done without regard to modern conservation practices. Excessive bleaching gives the paper a ghostly white appearance that experienced collectors dislike.

Pertains to the type of bleaching the pulp has been exposed to. The three types are ECF, Non-ECF and TCF.

The use of a chemical agent to lighten the shade of a tooth

The process of removing stains from the teeth by the gentle oxygenating action of the peroxide gel. The bleaching gel is applied to the teeth in a thin tray.

A chemical process that whitens a sock. Socks are knitted as greige goods and bleached after knitting.

A technique that lightens the colour of a material such as card or fabric.

A procedure used to improve the whiteness of the textile by decolourising it from the grey state. This is generally done using peroxide or hypochlorite.

Chemical process used to whiten and purify the pulp; variations: TCF (Totally Chlorine Free) and ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) bleaching See also: ECF, TCF, lignin removing bleaching, lignin retaining bleaching

No, we're not talking about toilet cleaning: this is taking away or changing the coloured bits in paper pulp to improve whiteness and brightness. (N.B. Not really recommended for unsightly facial hair.)

A chemical treatment used to whiten, brighten and improve paper pulp prior to papermaking.

cosmetic whitening of teeth using peroxide

Chemical or laser treatment of natural teeth for whitening effect

Chemically treating a pulp to increase delignification (after the colour matter) so the pulp has a higher brightness.

Removing stains; chemical treatment used to whiten and purify pulp.

Removal and/or modification of coloured components in pulp to improve brightness carried out in one or several consecutive stages

The cosmetic whitening or reduction of coloured substances by the chemical action of an oxidising or reducing agent. The process is likely to weaken paper, and is rarely recommended to be used in library preservation

The process of restoring wood to its original colour (or making it lighter) by using oxalic acid or other bleaching compounds.

The process used to whiten brown (unbleached) pulp by chlorine or oxygen compounds. Bleaching is esential in producing pulp suitable for Fine Papers.

Method used in the paper-making process to produce a bright white paper sheet. It produces dioxins.

Many patients seek this treatment to lighten their teeth. Treatments can be done at home or at the office. The office procedure can include the use of a whitening agent such as peroxide and a light. A recent study concludes that "peroxide and light treatment significantly lightened the teeth to a greater extent than did peroxide or light alone, with a low and transient incidence of tooth sensitivity." Home treatment typically involves the use of a 10% carbamide peroxide product delivered in a night guard. The home treatment is more time consuming but often less expensive and requires greater discipline on the part of the patient to achieve desired results. A recent study reports that carbamide peroxide agents can result in a decrease in the microhardness of the enamel which was not always completely reversible during the time interval of the study. Tooth whitening whether done at home or in the dental office should be under the supervision of a dentist.

Pulp fibers are generally bleached to produce white fibers for papermaking. Other reasons are: to increase the chemical stability and permanence of wood fibers by chemical purification; and to obtain clean, sanitary fibers as required for food packaging papers.

Chemically treating a pulp to alter the coloring matter so the pulp has a higher brightness.

Process of brightening or whitening stained, discoloured or dull teeth with an in-power bleaching method or dentist supervised, at-home whitening systems.

A method of lightening the overall color of the wood.

Chemical process used to produce a pure bright (white) and stable pulp. In Skärblacka environmentally adapted ECF-bleaching is used without chlorine gas.

A chemical process used to whiten and purify pulp. Bleaching also adds to the sheet's strength and durability.

This is a chemical treatment to whiten teeth, using a solution or gel, containing bleaching agents such as hydrogen peroxide, (found in Day White and Zoom) or carbamide peroxide (found in Nite White and Opalescence). Bleaching can either be carried out at home or at a dental office.

A process of whitening teeth that uses special compounds usually containing hydrogen peroxide. Sometimes lasers are used in conjunction with these compounds. The over-the-counter whitening products are not the prescription strength that dentists use and are therefore less effective. See "Tooth whitening."

Loss of colour in an ink. This may be due to internal chemical or physical action in the ink itself; to influences from the surface on which it is applied; or to weathering or contamination from the atmosphere.

Papermaking process to whiten cellulose fibres.

A technique that lightens the color of heavily stained teeth.

Coating defect: fading of a color induced by exposure to chemicals or ultraviolet light exposure.

Bleaching is the action of further removing colouring matter from an oil or fat usually after the neutralising process.

Removal of color and oxidizing bodies, residual gums, soap and trace metals by mixing oil with special adsorbents (silica and/or bleaching earth). The adsorbents containing the above mentioned impurities are then removed by filtration.

Treatment of a fat or oil with a material such as activated charcoal or diatomaceous (Fullers) earth which removes or reduces the amount of coloring materials normally present in a refined oil. The bleaching process may be carried to the degree desired depending upon the color required by the eventual usage of the processed oil.

Necessary process to remove the natural and artificial impurities in fabrics to obtain clear whites for even dyeing and printing.

An erroneous term used to denote a condition of the surface under a tape that has remained the original surface color while the surrounding exposed area has discolored.

chemical process that removes color, impurities, or spots from fibers or fabrics during fabric finishing or garment laundering.

A chemical or a natural process used to make a hair colorless or lighter than its natural color.

Partial or complete loss of color. Fading.

A treatment to reduce natural pigments (carotenoids, chlorophylls and xanthophylls) and other impurities such as cations of iron, copper and zinc.

Technique used to restore a discolored tooth to its natural color.

Used to make denim jeans fade and takes off natural and artificial residues from the fabric.

Unfinished cloth straight off the loom is a light cream color. This natural color must be removed chemically - bleached.

Loss of color, usually caused by exposure to sunlight.

stage in most toning, reducing and color processing systems.

An oxidizing process that removes color from a fabric or sock, leaving it white.

The fading of a color toward white generally caused by exposure to chemicals or ultraviolet degradation.

Bleaching is a process in which a gemstone's color is removed using a bleaching agent.

The purification process to remove color bodies and residual impurities from refining, generally through the use of an adsorbent clay material.

The process of restoring discolored or stained wood to its normal color or making it lighter.

The fading of color from the beak, shanks, and vent of a yellow-skinned laying hen.

A cosmetic treatment using a strong oxidizing or bleaching agent to lessen or eliminate stains. Also see vital bleaching and walking bleach.