A set of two or three intersecting axes, ordinarily mutually perpendicular, used as a basis for locations of points and directions of lines, graphically expressing relationships among variables, or undertaking vector analysis, in a plane or in space.
parties' reference frame is the frame its communications (to other parties) refer to. My reference frame will differ from my actual frame when I am practicing deceit.
A system of numbers, letters, or words to show quantities with reference to a zero point. Examples of reference frames are number lines, time lines, calendars, thermometers, maps, and coordinate systems.