Aylesbury is the county town of Buckinghamshire in south central England. It had a population in the 2001 census of 65,173 and is part of the London commuter belt.

HM Prison Aylesbury Prison (full title Her Majesty's Young Offender Institution Aylesbury) is a prison in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, United Kingdom. It is situated on the north side of the town centre, on Bierton Road. As a Young Offender Institution it holds inmates between the ages of 17 and 21 only.

Aylesbury is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is a safe Conservative seat.