Definitions for "Retrovirus"
Related Terms:
Retroviruses, Provirus, Reverse transcriptase, Integrase, Rt-pcr, Reverse transcription, Endogenous retrovirus, Cdna, Gene transcription, Primase, Primer, Okazaki fragments, Nick translation, Complementary dna, Probe , Primosome, Introns, Dna hybridization, Dna replication, Intron, Replication fork, Lysogen, Baculovirus, Lagging strand, Dna probe, Okazaki fragment, Retrotransposon, Northern blot, In situ hybridization, Interference, Alternative splicing, Prophage, Lysogeny, Exon, Dna polymerase, Cdna library, Promoter, Dna ligase, Integration, Rna interference, Antisense, Origin of replication, Heteroduplex, Complementary sequence, Regulatory genes, Polycistronic, Expression vector, Pcr, Sense strand, Rna splicing
The family of virus to which HIV belongs.
A class of viruses containing an RNA genome that is converted into a DNA intermediate by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. That DNA intermediate can become permanently integrated into the host-cell genome; at this stage of the viral life cycle the virus is known as a provirus. The virus can leave the proviral stage of its life cycle and synthesize new viral proteins and nucleic acids for the creation of viral progeny by pirating the machinery of the cell to replicate. The progeny then leaves the infected cell and goes on to infect new cells.
A virus that produces DNA from RNA (the opposite of the normal order). A group of viruses that includes HIV.
infective viral agent with an RNA genome. The infective process involves copying the RNA genome into DNA by reverse transcriptase. The DNA copy is inserted into the host genome to become a provirus. Some retroviruses carry oncogenes and can cause cancer in some species. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that is considered to be the cause of acquired immuno deficency syndrome (AIDS) is a retrovirus.
a class of enveloped viruses that have their genetic material in the form of RNA and use the reverse transcriptase enzyme to translate their RNA into DNA.
Viruses that carry their genetic material as RNA, rather than DNA. Retroviruses insert their genetic material into the chromosomes of infected cells, becoming a permanent part of the host cell's genetic material.
Also called a anti-antivirus virus, this is a virus that attacks, disables, or avoids infecting specific antivirus software. It's just one of many methods used by virus authors to avoid detection by antivirus software.
A virus that converts its RNA into DNA, by means of an enzyme (reverse transcriptase), enabling it to become inserting into its host's DNA.
virus which contains RNA and which uses its RNA as a template to produce its own DNA when incorporated into the genes of infected cells.
any of large family of RNA viruses that includes lentiviruses and oncoviruses, so called because they carry reverse transcriptase.
Family of viruses to which HIV belongs, that are distinguished by their use of RNA.
Virus containing single-stranded RNA as its genetic material and which produces a complementary DNA by action of the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
RNA-containing virus that replicates in a cell by first making a double-stranded DNA intermediate.
A type of virus that has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material. It uses an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to become part of the host cells¿ DNA. This allows many copies of the virus to be made in the host cells. The virus that causes AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a type of retrovirus.
A computer virus that actively attacks an anti-virus program or programs in an effort to prevent detection.
A family of viruses composed of RNA. Once in a host cell they can use reverse transcriptase to perform a “backwards” conversion of RNA to DNA. This family of viruses can cause leukemia in animals. Three forms have been associated with human disease. The two most important are the human immunodeficiency virus, which causes AIDS, and the human T lymphocytotropic virus 1, which causes an acute lymphoblastic leukemia /lymphoma syndrome in adults in certain geographic areas.
any of a group of viruses that contain two single-strand linear RNA molecules per virion and reverse transcriptase (RNA to DNA)
A virus capable of altering the normal genetic writing process, causing the host cell to replicate the virus instead of itself. HIV is an example of such a virus.
A virus composed of RNA which uses reverse transcription to replicate and integrate into the host cell's DNA.
A large group RNA viruses that are so called because they carry reverse transcriptase. This enzyme can copy RNA to form a DNA against the "Dogma". Many cancers in vertebrates are caused by retroviruses.
Any of a family of RNA viruses containing reverse transcriptase in the virion. Retroviruses proliferate by a process that is the reverse of normal viruses. Reverse transcriptase enables the virus to convert viral RNA into DNA. This reverses the normal process of transcription where DNA is converted into RNA.
A class of eukaryotic RNA viruses that, by using reverse transcription, can form double-stranded DNA copies of their genomes, which can integrate into the chromosomes of an infected cell. Pathogenic retroviruses include HIV and the causative agents of many vertebrate animal cancers.
Any of a group of small single-stranded RNA viruses that encode reverse transcriptase.
RNA virus that carries the enzyme reverse transcriptase and forms a DNA copy of its genome during its reproductive cycle.
A particular type of virus that contains only RNA, which allows its genetic material to become part of its hosts’ DNA (an extremely long molecule that carries a cell’s genetic information). This enables the virus to be carried into the host’s future generations. AIDS is a retrovirus.
virus whose genes are carried as RNA and which converts RNA to DNA to enable it to integrate with the host cell DNA.
A retrovirus is a virus that contains an RNA genome. In order to allow its genetic material to insert into the host genome, the retrovirus performs reverse transcription to convert the RNA to DNA(it is called "retro-" because this process is performed backwards as compared to the way genetic material is normally transcribed).
HIV and other viruses that carry their genetic material in the form of RNA rather than DNA. These viruses also contain the enzyme, reverse transcriptase, which transcribes RNA into DNA. That process is the opposite of what normally occurs in animals and plants, where DNA is made into RNA; hence the prefix "retro."
a fairly simple virus that contains RNA rather than DNA as its genetic material
an animal virus belonging to the virus family of Retroviridae, including any types, subfamilies, genus, or tropisms
an RNA virus that is able to incorporate its DNA into the DNA of the infected host organism
an RNA virus that reproduces by transcribing itself to a form of DNA
an RNA virus with the ability to convert its sequence into DNA by reverse transcription
a passenger virus
a RNA virus that is reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA) and integrated into the host cell genome to replicate and complete its life-cycle
a type of virus that does not follow the usual disease pattern of other viruses
a virus that contains RNA as the genetic material, and has a special enzyme called reverse transcriptase that converts its RNA into DNA once it is inside the host cell
a virus that contains two identical strands of RNA and a unique enzyme called reverse transcriptase that converts the viral RNA to DNA within the host cell
a virus that infects a cell as RNA and replicates by changing its RNA into DNA inside of human white blood cells
a virus that uses reverse transcription to replicate itself
a virus which carries its genetic information as RNA but copies its RNA into DNA when it infects a cell
a virus which has an enzyme called reverse transcriptase , which it uses to transcribe viral RNA into provirus DNA which is integrated into the host-cell genome
a virus whose genetic material is RNA instead of DNA
A virus is a very small infectious agent that can only replicate within a living host cell. In retroviruses, the genetic material is stored in RNA which, upon entering the host cell, is converted to DNA using reverse transcriptase. This new DNA then induces the host cell to produce more virus.
A type of virus that carries its genetic material as single-stranded RNA, rather than as DNA. Upon infecting a cell, the virus generates a DNA replica of its RNA using the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
An RNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase so that it can integrate copies of its DNA into the DNA of the host cell. The host cell will the be forced to make copies of the virus for the infection of other host cells.
A class of viruses which includes HIV. Retroviruses are so named because they carry their genetic information in RNA rather than DNA, and the RNA information must be translated "backwards" into DNA.
Virus with RNA as its genetic material, which uses an enzyme, reverse transcriptase, to convert the RNA to DNA so that it can become incorporated into the host genome.
A type of virus named for its ability to convert RNA to DNA and thus use genetic material to make the proteins they need to survive and reproduce themselves, causing several diseases in the process.
RNA virus which utilises reverse transcriptase during its life cycle. Useful vector for inserting DNA into cells for gene therapy.
A type of virus that contains RNA as its genetic material. Once in a host cell they perform a "backwards" conversion of RNA to DNA, which inserts itself into an infected cell's own DNA. Retroviruses can cause many diseases, including some cancers and AIDS.
A virus with RNA as its genetic material. When the retrovirus infects a cell, its own enzyme reverse transcriptase makes viral DNA from the RNA template. This viral DNA can then be integrated into the host cell's genome to produce more viral particles.
A type of virus that is capable of inserting its DNA into its host cell's genome and residing there indefinitely. Engineered retroviruses are a potential vector for gene therapy.
And envelope virus that replicates by reverse transcription of its RNA genome into DNA, followed by integration of the DNA into the cell genome to form a provirus. The expression of the provirus (as though it were a cellular gene) leads to the production of progeny virus particles.
Viruses that replicate by making DNA from RNA (instead of the other way around) and therefore contain RNA in their virions.
A virus that, when not infecting a cell, stores its genetic information on a singlestranded RNA molecule instead of the more usual double-stranded DNA. HIV is an example. After a retrovirus penetrates a cell, it constructs a DNA version of its genes using reverse transcriptase, an enzyme. The DNA then becomes part of the cell's genetic material.
A family of RNA viruses that have the unique characteristic of producing an enzyme that makes a DNA copy of its genetic information from an RNA template (the opposite of what normally takes place). The most widely recognized of these viruses is HIV, the causative agent in AIDS. Another virus from this family (HTLV-1) has been associated with T cell leukemia. Initial reports of an association of an HTLV-II-like retrovirus with CFS could not be confirmed in subsequent studies.
A family of viruses with a special replication mechanism which includes incorporation of its genetic material into the DNA of the organism it has infected. Examples of retroviruses include the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and certain oncogenic viruses.
Viruses that transmit their genetic information in molecules of RNA and carry a gene to express the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
A rudimentary form of virus which carries its genetic information in the form of RNA. This means that it can easily be copied into the DNA of the host cell's chromosomes. HIV is a retrovirus - some other members of the retrovirus family cause cancers. Click here to return to list
A family of viruses that contain the genetic material RNA and have the capacity to copy this RNA into the DNA of a cell. This process is called "reverse transcription".
HIV and other viruses that carry their genetic material in the form of RNA and that have the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
a retrovirus -- such as HIV -- replicate using an enzyme (reverse transcriptase) to copy RNA into DNA. Most cells have DNA in their natural state and transcribe to RNA (ribonucleac acid) during replication. A retrovirus does things backwards -- RNA, not DNA, is its natural genetic state.
An animal virus that contains the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This enzyme converts the viral RNA into DNA which can combine with the DNA of the host cell and produce more viral particles.
small RNA virus that has an RNA genome. Acts as a template for the production of the DNA that is integrated into the DNA of the host cell. Many retroviruses are believed to be oncogenic.( capacity to cause cancer).
a cancer-causing virus that transforms cells by altering the function of host-cell genes or by carrying cancer-causing genes from one host to another.
Viruses such as HIV that use a chemical called 'RNA' instead of DNA as their genetic material. Retroviruses convert their RNA genome into DNA and insert into their host's DNA chromosomes. This can disrupt genes and sometimes cause cancer. However, some retroviruses can be modified and used to deliver new genes into cancer cells in the laboratory. Scientists hope one day to use this technique, a type of gene therapy, to correct the genetic defects that cause cancer.
A class of eukaryotic RNA viruses that can form double-stranded DNA copies of their genomes by using reverse transcription; the double-stranded forms integrate into chromosomes of an infected cell. Many naturally occurring cancers of vertebrate animals are caused by retroviruses. Also, the AIDS virus is a retrovirus.
An RNA virus that contains reverse transcriptase. Its RNA serves as a template for cDNA production, and the cDNA is integrated into a chromosome of the mammalian host cell.
A virus that contains a unique enzyme called reverse transcriptase that allows it to replicate within new host cells.
(retro: Latin for "reverse") RNA containing viruses of great interest for research: some retroviruses have proven to cause cancer. The AIDS causing HIV pathogene belongs to the retroviruses. Retroviruses integrate into the host genome by an intermediate stage of DNA. They are sometimes used for the development of gene therapies in order to integrate alien DNA into the genome. The enzyme "Reverse Transcriptase" used in this process has become an important tool of molecular biology.
A type of virus that, when not infecting a cell, stores its genetic information on a single stranded RNA.
A virus with an RNA genome that integrates into the genome of its host cell.
A virus, which transfers its information into a host cell, via RNA. It then uses enzymes to make a DNA copy of the original RNA, which then integrates with the Host's genome. Some Retroviruses are altered for use in Genetic engineering.
a virus using RNA as its information storage system rather than DNA, integrates into host DNA as part of its lifecycle in a way very similar to retrotransposons, but also has additional genes that code for its packaging into virus particles for infection of other hosts. Return to text.
An enveloped virus that replicates by reverse transcription of its RNA genome into DNA, followed by integration of the DNA into the cell genome to form a provirus (as though it were a cellular gene) that may lead to the production of progeny virus particles.
A virus that carries its genetic material as RNA, rather than DNA. Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase to insert their genetic material into the chromosomes of infected cells.
A strand of RNA (ribonucleic acid) surrounded by a protein shell. Retroviruses capable of infecting and causing disease in humans are relatively rare (and were only discovered in 1978). HIV is a retrovirus.
One of a large group of RNA viruses that are capable of copying and transferring genetic material.
An RNA virus that replicates by first being converted into double-stranded DNA.
virus of which genetic material is RNA that is reverse-transcribed into DNA (in the host cell) by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
a virus with an RNA core rather than a DNA core
Any of a group of viruses that carries its genetic information in the form of RNA, rather than DNA. These viruses use their RNA to synthesize DNA, the reverse of the usual flow of genetic information.
A type of virus that contains RNA as its genetic material. The RNA of the virus is translated into DNA, which inserts itself into an infected cell's own DNA. Retroviruses can cause many diseases, including some cancers and AIDS.
RNA containing virus that can transfer its genetic material into the DNA of the host's cell.
a type of virus that stores its genetic information on a single-stranded RNA molecule instead of the more usual double-stranded DNA. HIV is an example of a retrovirus (but it is double-stranded). After a retrovirus penetrates a cell, it constructs a DNA version of its genes using a special enzyme, reverse transcriptase. This DNA then becomes part of the cell's genetic material.
Has genes composed of RNA instead of DNA and is capable of making DNA complementary to RNA. HIV is a retrovirus. The viral enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an RNA template is called reverse transcriptase and can be used to create cDNA libraries from isolated RNA.
A type of eukaryotic virus containing an RNA genome that replicates in cells by first making a DNA copy of the RNA. This proviral DNA is inserted into cellular chromosomal DNA, and gives rise to further genomic RNA as well as the mRNAs for viral proteins. ( Figure 6-22)
A retrovirus is any virus belonging to the viral family Retroviridae. They are enveloped viruses possessing a RNA genome, and replicate via a DNA intermediate. Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to perform the reverse transcription of its genome from RNA into DNA, which can then be integrated into the host's genome with an integrase enzyme.
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