Water that is present in oil and gas bearing formations and comes up the well with oil/gas. The produced water emanating from wells contains oil suspended within it. This water typically is elevated in salinity. Produced water is separated from the oil/gas and disposed or re-injected into the formation. As oil fields mature, increasing volumes of produced water occur.
water which is produced with oil and gas from a reservoir
Brines naturally present or injected into reservoir to enhance production. Produced along side oil production.
Water naturally present in the reservoir or injected into the reservoir to ensure sufficient pressure. The amount of produced water increases as the well ages. Residual amounts of oil are present in produced water which in most cases is treated and eventually discharged to the marine environment.
Water separated from crude oil during the production process, composed of both formation water, and seawater that has been injected into the formation. Contains a complex mixture of organic and inorganic chemicals used in well maintenance over the life a producing field.
The water extracted from the subsurface with oil and gas. It may include water from the reservoir, water that has been injected into the formation, and any chemicals added during the production/treatment process. Produced water is also called brine” (and may contain high mineral or salt content) or formation water.” Some produced water is quite fresh and may be used for livestock watering or irrigation (where allowed by law).
water associated with oil and gas reservoirs that is produced along with the oil and gas.
Brines that flow or are lifted to the surface with oil.
Formation water pumped during the development of a gas well.
unwanted by-product of petroleum production; oil field brine water of potential detrimental salinity concentrations and containing toxicants such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals.