A polyploid organism has more than two sets of chromosomes (two sets being the prevalent diploid state). For example, a tetraploid organism has four sets of chromosomes and an octaploid has eight sets.
The possession of more than 2 sets of chromosomes. If a gamete contains 1N chromosomes, then the zygote contains 2N chromosomes. A polyploid would contain 3N, 4N, etc., chromosomes.
( genome doubling, genome duplication) The presence in a cell or an individual of more than two haploid sets of chromosomes (e.g., tetraploidy, hexaploidy)
An increase in the number of haploid sets (23) of chromosomes in a cell. Triploidy refers to three whole sets of chromosomes in a single cell (in humans, a total of 69 chromosomes per cell); tetraploidy refers to four whole sets of chromosomes in a single cell (in humans, a total of 92 chromosomes per cell).
A major mechanism of speciation in plants. Caused by a failure of reduction of chromosome number during meiosis so 2n gametes are produced. Polyploid organisms have 2 sets of chromosomes. If new species are formed by polyploidy the polyploids must have h... More
POL-ee-PLOID-ee A cell with extra chromosome sets. 297, 414
("many/fold"): the situation where the number of chromosome sets is greater than two.
Abnormal variation in the number of chromosome sets. The condition when a cell or organism has more than the customary two sets of chromosomes. This is an especially effective speciation mechanism in plants since the extra chromosomes will establish reproductive isolation with the parental population(s), an essential for speciation. PICTURE 1 | PICTURE 2
cells that have extra chromosomes.
The condition in which cells contain more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes.
chromosomes exist in a multiple of the normal diploid number (e.g., triploidy, tetraploidy)
Having more than the normal two haploid sets of chromosomes.
an organism with three or more complete chromosome sets e.g triploid, tetraploid etc.
Polyploidy is the condition of some biological cells and organisms of containing more than two homologous sets of chromosomes. Polyploid types are termed according to the number of chromosome sets in the nucleus: triploid (three sets; 3x), tetraploid (four sets; 4x), pentaploid (five sets; 5x), hexaploid (six sets; 6x) and so on.
