A small, round shield used by light infantry.

A parma was a type of oval shield used by Roman army, especially during the later period of Imperial history. It was used mainly by auxiliary infantry and cavalry, the legionaries preferring the heavier but more protective scutum, during earlier periods. It is a yard across and has iron in its frame making it a very effective piece of armor.

Parma is a city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, famous for its architecture and the fine countryside around it.

Parma is a genus of damselfish in the Family Pomacentridae.

An adjective qualifying a dish (after the town of Parma in Italy) ( OED, Flandrin).

a Long Island legend

system of labour exchange