Trauma to the brain due to the penetration of a foreign object that tears soft tissue and blood vessels in its path.

Traumatic damage to the brain in which the skull is broken or penetrated as can happen with a bullet, knife, or blow from a sharp object. Damage from an open head injury is often more localized to the particular area of impact or the path of the internal wound. Specific deficits result without necessarily involving diffuse areas of the brain.

a visible assault to the head and may result from a gunshot wound, an accident or an object going through the skull into the brain