Definitions for "Global catalog"
A database that is automatically created on the first domain controller in a Windows forest. The global catalog contains a complete replica of all the Active Directory objects on the host domain and a partial replica of the objects on every other domain in the forest. A global catalog enables users to locate network resources in the Active Directory. Users can log on to the network only when the global catalog is available.
a DC that stores a copy of all AD objects in a forest
a domain controller that stores these writable directory partitions, as well as a partial, read-only copy of all other domain directory partitions in the forest