Classification of urban and rural roadways by function. Roadways at the top to the hierarchy serve intercity and other long-distance movement. Roadways at the bottom provide access to land.
This a classification system for the highway network which denotes what "function" particular roads serve within the overall network. Section 2.2 gives the general characteristics of the functional classification of roads.
A system for classifying roads in terms of the character of service that individual facilities are providing or are intended to provide, ranging from travel mobility to land access. Roadway system functional classification elements include Freeways or Expressways which are limited access highways, Other Principal (or Major) Arterials, Minor Arterials, Collector Streets, and Local Streets. Principal arterials are designed to accommodate travel; access to adjacent properties is discouraged. Minor arterials are designed to serve both through traffic and local trips. Collector roads and streets link local streets and properties with the arterial network. Local streets provide access to adjacent properties.
The current GFS Manual refers specifically to the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG), which is the international standard for classifying expenditures of government according to broad purposes for which transactions are undertaken. It is generally used to measure the allocation of resources by government for the promotion of various activities and objectives (such as health, education, and transportation and communication).
The process by which streets and highways are grouped into classes, or systems, according to the character of service they are intended to provide. Basic to this process is the recognition that individual roads do not serve travel independently in any major way. Rather, most travel involves movement through a network of roads. It becomes necessary, then, to determine how this travel can be channelized within the network in a logical and efficient manner. Functional classification defines the nature of this channelization process by defining the part that any particular road or street should play in serving the flow of trips through a highway network. Allied to the idea of traffic channelization is the dual role the highway network plays in providing access to property and traffic mobility. Highways are grouped into arterials, collectors, or locals. Further distinctions can be made (rural, urban, major, minor, etc.). For a more comprehensive discussion, see Highway Functional Classification: Concepts Criteria and Procedures (FHWA, 1989).
The classification of roads into groups according to their function, e.g. arterial and local roads. (See also Road Hierarchy) rade Separation The separation of road, rail or other traffic so that crossing movements which would otherwise conflict are effected at different elevations.
A description of how a road functions, using definitions and processes specified by the Federal Highway Administration. A road may be classified as a principal arterial (including Interstates, Other Freeways and Expressways, or others), a minor arterial, a collector (major or minor), or a local road. Principal arterials have a mobility function: they provide for movement from one general area to another. Local roads have an access function: they provide direct access to homes, businesses, and other destinations. The other classifications have both mobility and access functions, with minor arterials providing more mobility, and collectors providing more access.
A method of cataloging a road's purpose and design. Roads are classified as Interstates, Freeways / Expressways, Arterials, Collectors, and local roads.
Categories of public roads based on the service they are intended to provide. Smaller, less traveled roadways provide motorists with a high degree of access. Larger roadways provide motorists with a high degree of mobility. The functional classification system is developed in cooperation with county and Metropolitan Planning Organization officials. Functional Classification Maps
A categorization of roadways that places specific types of roads into classes that are defined by their intended use. For example, a "collector" street collects traffic from neighborhoods, an "arterial" street is intended too move traffic rather than provide access to adjacent land, etc.
A method of grouping expenses according to the purpose for which the costs are incurred. The primary functional classifications are program services and supporting activities.