To climb rock using only hands and feet to ascend (ie. without recourse to artificial aids). This is the most common form of rock climbing. Although ropes and anchoring devices are used for protection, they are do not bear the weight of the climber or assist in upward progress. This method of climbing also stresses the use of gear that is temporarily placed in the rock for protection by the leader, and then removed by the second or last climber.

To climb using only hands and feet on the rock. Rope is used only for safety and is not relied upon for upward progress. Opposite of an aid climb.

A climb using only hands and feet on the rock to support the climber's weight. Rope is used to protect them from a fall, but is not relied upon for upward progress.