Most of the impurities in water are present in an ionized (electrically-charged) state. When an electric current is applied, the impurities migrate towards the positive and negative electrodes. The intermediate area becomes depleted of impurities and discharges a purified stream of product water. This technology is used for brackish waters but is not currently available for desalting seawater on a commercial scale.
A process of desalination whereby an electrical current is used to separate out salt and impurities in the intake water. Most of the impurities in water are present in an ionized (electrically charged) state and will conduct electric current. When high voltage is applied, the impurities migrate towards the positive and negative electrodes, and the intermediate area becomes purified product water. This technology is used for brackish waters, but is not currently available for desalting seawater on a commercial scale.
Dialysis that is conducted with the aid of an electromotive force applied to electrodes adjacent to both sides of the semi-permeable membrane. Charged ions are drawn through the membranes, leaving lower concentrations of ions in the feed water.
Plating out metal ions by passing the wastestream through membranes positively charged on one side and negatively charged on the other. Used to recover nickel, copper, chromic acid, iron, and zinc.
A dialysis process using semipermeable membranes in which ions migrate through the membranes from a less concentrated to a more concentrated solution as a result of the ions' respective attractions to a positive electrode (anode) and a negative electrode (cathode) created by direct electric current.
Electrodialysis (ED) is used to transport salt ions from one solution through ion-exchange membranes to another solution under the influence of an applied electric potential difference. This is done in a configuration called an electrodialysis cell. The cell consists of a feed (diluate) compartment and a concentrate (brine) compartment formed by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane placed between two electrodes.
