DNA microarrays, or DNA chips are fabricated, typically on glass slides, using high-speed robotics and provide massively parallel gene expression and gene discovery information on thousands of genes simultaneously.
This kind of microarray consists of a set of regular arranged spots of DNA recognition elements (e.g. oligos) positioned on a rigid support. The diameters of the spots range between 20 and 200 micrometers. Usually 50 to 80,000 spots cover an area of approximately 1 square centimetre. The technology is based on the selective recognition of gene sequences by hybridisation, namely the base-pairing of the 4 nucleotides. Upon hybridisation with e.g. a fluorescently-labelled sample (oligo, cDNA, mRNA, PCR product) the signals can be analysed. See also: DNA, DNA array, DNA chip
A glass chip or nylon filter with a densely packed array of defined DNA sequences, typically thousands of different ones, for hybridization experiments to test for expression levels of the corresponding mRNAs.
an array containing often thousands or more spots (features) each of size about a few hundred microns
an array of DNA samples that can be studied for patterns of gene expression
a piece of glass or plastic on which different molecules of DNA have been affixed at separate locations in an ordered manner thus forming a microscopic array
a tiny glass slide with thousands of bacterial genes affixed to it
A wafer similar to a computer chip that can be used to swiftly screen for the presence of particular genetic sequences.
A large collection of small sequences of DNA on a tiny surface of glass or silicon. Also called a gene chip or DNA chip.
An experimental tool for obtaining high-throughput gene expression data. At each position in an array of locations on a glass slide is spotted a sample of identical DNA molecules (a "probe") whose sequence is complementary to a messenger RNA sequence uniquely determined by a specific gene of a particular organism. A sample of messenger RNA sequences from the cells or tissues of the organism are hybridized to the probes, and the amount of RNA that binds to each probe is measured. By comparing a treated sample to a control sample, one can quantify which genes are expressed a great deal more or a great deal less in the treated sample relative to the control.
A supporting material (such as a glass or plastic slide) onto which numerous fragments of DNA are attached in a regular pattern for use in genetic analysis.
Also known as a gene chip, DNA chip or biochip. A collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface, such as glass, plastic or silicon chip, forming an array for the purpose of expression profiling, monitoring expression levels for thousands of genes at the same time.
DNA MicroArrays can be described as substrates (nylon, glass etc.) to which oligonucleotides have been bound at high density. Currently there exist three applications of DNA MicroArrays: polymorphism studies, gene expression studies, and tracking down certain diseases.
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as gene or genome chip, DNA chip, or gene array) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface, such as glass, plastic or silicon chip forming an array for the purpose of expression profiling, monitoring expression levels for thousands of genes simultaneously.