Refers to any intentional or unintentional act, or any failure to act, which has the effect of excluding or denying a person from participation in benefits, or has otherwise subjected a person to unequal treatment under any program or activity because of race, color or national origin.

special treatment (good or bad) based on a characteristic, such as race, religion, physical appearance, age, or social class...... back

The unequal treatment of non-dominant groups or individuals, either by a person or a group, or an institution with dominant identity. Through the denial of certain rights, discrimination results in inequality, subordination and/or deprivation of political, educational, social, economic and cultural rights.

To treat someone less favourably without justification. Discrimination is based on race, religion or belief, age, sex or sexual orientation.

For insurance purposes, treating certain groups of people unfairly in the sale and/or pricing of policies. It also refers to the favoring of certain agents or agencies by handling of like risks in different ways. Actually, the nature of underwriting is based upon discrimination of the good risk from the poor risk. What is prohibited is treating any of a given class of risk differently from other like risks. In pensions, discrimination is the favoring of officers, shareowners, supervisory or highly compensated employees over others.

Behavior that shows prejudice. Failure to treat people equally because of a bias based on characteristic such as race, religion, sex, gender, national origin, sexual orientation, and disability.

unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group, simply because of his or her membership in that group

Treating people unfairly and unjustly on the basis of their belonging, or being perceived to belong, to a particular group. (refer to stigma)

Policies and practices that harm a group and its members.

Unfair or unequal treatment of somebody because of his or her age, sex, race, religion or disability.

Direct discrimination occurs when a person is treated less favourably than another in a comparable situation because of their racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. An example of direct discrimination is a job advert, which says "no disabled people need apply." However, in reality discrimination often takes more subtle forms. That’s why indirect discrimination is also covered. Indirect discrimination occurs when an apparently neutral provision, criterion or practice would disadvantage people on the grounds of racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation unless the practice can be objectively justified by a legitimate aim. An example of indirect discrimination is requiring all people who apply for a certain job to sit a test in a particular language, even though that language is not necessary for the job. The test might exclude more people who have a different mother tongue.

A difference in treatment, especially an unfair difference such as charging one person more than another for the same service under the same circumstances. This is largely prohibited in insurance.

A biased decision based on a prejudice against an individual group characterized by race, class, sexual orientation, age, disabilities, etc.

the behavior or action that can follow prejudicial thinking. Discrimination is the denial of justice and fair treatment in many arenas, including employment, housing and political rights.

inequitable treatment of people based on their race, gender, nationality, language, faith, or sexual orientation

Hostile or unequal treatment of an individual or group; creating or promoting social inequality.

Individual, organizational, or structural behavior, policies, procedures, decisions, habits, and acts that disadvantage one group in relation to another group. It is a process that results in overlook, ignore, or subjugate members of certain groups, that enable one group of people to maintain control over another group, and that maintain and perpetuate conditions of inequality for members of the disadvantaged group.

(a) In perception, the detection of differences between two stimuli. (b) In conditioning, the differential response to the positive (reinforced) stimulus and to the negative (nonreinforced) stimulus. See also generalization. (c) In social psychology, prejudicial treatment, as in racial discrimination. See also prejudice.

The making or perceiving of differences and distinctions, usually to evaluate choices. Illegal when conducted in accordance with generally discredited Abortionite criteria, it remains legal when practiced on the basis of physical maturity by the Birthist sect of Abortionism. See also REFORMED ABORTIONISM and POLITICALLY CORRECT.

The unfair treatment of one group of people by another group because they are of a different race, gender, religion or culture.

the practice of treating one person/group of people less well or fairly than other people or groups

treating some people worse than others because of their race, beliefs etc

Discrimination is unfair or unequal treatment of an individual (or group) based on certain legally-protected characteristics -- including age, disability, ethnicity, gender, national origin, race, religion, sexual orientation. Federal and state laws prohibit discrimination against members of these protected groups in a number of settings, including education, employment, government services, housing, lending, public accommodations, transportation, and voting.

Unequal treatment and denial of opportunity to individuals based on race, color, creed, nationality, age or sex. Civil Rights Acts passed by congress, included those of 1866, 1870, 1871, 1875, 1964 and 1968.

Treating members of a group unfairly compared to the treatment of other people who are not members of that group.

includes actions, behaviours, or processes that deny equality and fair treatment. The Nova Scotia Human Rights Act declares that it is unacceptable to discriminate against people based on age, race, colour, religion, creed, sex, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability, an irrational fear of contracting an illness or disease, ethnic, national, or aboriginal origin, family status, marital status, source of income, political belief, affiliation, or activity.

Any action which limits or denies opportunities, privileges, roles, or rewards on the basis of a person's group or characteristics.

The unfair, differential treatment of an individual or group, whether intended or not, on the basis of one or more of the protected categories in the Human Rights Code.

A failure to treat all persons or parties equally where no reasonable distinction can be found between those favored and those not favored. It mat be reflected in treatment, service or rates.

an unfair difference in treatment.

Treating a person or group differently, often in a negative manner, usually as a result of prejudice. Discrimination may also be positive, designed to redress perceived injustice.

Prejudice or unjust behavior to others based on differences in age, race, gender, and so on.

Illegal treatment of a person or group of persons based on race, sex or other prohibited factor.

Discrimination is when you or a group of people is treated less favourably due to any of the following; race, colour, national or ethnic origin, gender or marital status, disability, religion or political beliefs, sexual preference, age, trade union activity, medical record, pregnancy.

unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice

The act of favoring one person or group over another in a way that is unfair or against the law.

Unfair treatment or denial of rights to a person on the basis of the group, class, or category to which the person belongs.

Society's inequalities are embodied in both formal and informal structures of the institutions of health care. Medically irrelevant determinations still have measurable effects on medical policy and the provision of care, some especially burdensome and incontestably unjust. "Discrimination" in this sense is still very much an issue for medical ethicists who take seriously the ongoing struggles for social justice. [See Case Studies related to Discrimination

Discrimination is where someone is treated, directly or indirectly, less favourably than another in similar circumstances because that person has or is believed to have one of the attributes identified in the Anti-Discrimination Act (e.g. race, gender, marital status). Discrimination in the workplace often takes the form of harassment of an individual on the basis of an attribute or a perceived attribute. See also Harassment.

the less favourable treatment of a person or a group of people because of race, colour national or ethnic origin; gender or marital status; disability; religion or political beliefs; sexual preference; or some other central characteristic as listed in relevant legislation.

Discrimination is the restrictive treatment of a person or group based on prejudiced assumptions of group characteristics, rather than on individual judgment. It is the denial of justice prompted by prejudice.

The unjust or prejudicial treatment of an individual or groups of people; here unfair treatment on the grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity

an act based on prejudice.

Discrimination means treating someone unfairly because they happen to belong to a particular group of people. Direct discrimination occurs where someone is treated less favourably than someone else in circumstances not materially different because one of the attributes covered by anti-discrimination legislation (that is, becuase of their sex, race, disability, age, etc) Indirect discrimination occurs when a rule, practice, policy, requirement or condition appears to be fair because it treats everyone in the same way, but in effect it disadvantages people from a certain group, and this is not reasonable in the circumstances.

Discrimination is illegal treatment of a person, group or community based on race, colour, sex, disability, nationalility and religion which are the most common. This can be done either intentional or unintentional.

Treatment of staff members and students differing on the basis of gender, age,race, religion or characteristics as defined in legislation.

Intentional acts that draw unfair or injurious distinctions, based solely on ethnicity or race, and that have effects favorable to "in-groups" and negative to "out-groups," a set of observable behaviors that might ensue from ethnocentrism, prejudice, or racism.

behavior that treats people unequally.

Is the manifestation of prejudice. The granting and/or denying of civil liberties and opportunity to individual or groups with respect to access to services, goods and facilities, education, employment, and health care. Discrimination may occur on the basis of age, developmental or mental disability, ethnicity, gender, marital or family status, nationality, physical, race, religious or political affiliation, or sexual orientation. Discrimination becomes more blatant when two or more factors (e.g. economic status, class and/or racial visibility) coincide. This behaviour results in minorities being maltreated/mistreated or excluded.

when a person is treated unfairly because they belong to a particular group of people

Unfair treatment of someone, or giving another an advantage or a disadvantage, because of his or her color, politics, race, religion, gender, disability, or other personal attributes which do not relate to work performance.

In equal employment opportunity law, an act or acts the effects of which are adverse to the employment opportunities of one or more individuals because of his, her, or their race, color, religion, sex or national origin, or other factors which under particular laws may not be considered as a basis for employment actions. Unlawful discrimination generally may be either intentional or not.

Unequal treatment, either favorable or unfavorable, based on a class, race or group to which a person or persons belong.

action(s) based on prejudice

Actions or practices of dominant group members (or their representatives) that have a harmful impact on members of a subordinate group.

A negative action toward members of a specific social group.

Differential treatment based on some extra-legal category such as race, ethnicity, or gender.

Denying people equal opportunity by acting on a prejudice.

denying a person housing, telling a person that housing is not available (when the housing is actually available at that time), providing housing under inferior terms, harassing a person in connection with housing accommodations, or providing segregated housing because of a person's race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, ancestry, source of income, age, disability, whether the person is married, or whether there are children under the age of 18 in the person's household. Discrimination also can be refusal to make reasonable accommodation for a person with a disability.

Treating a person less favourably (on the basis of a disability that person has, may have, used to have or may have in the future) than you would treat a person without that disability in the same circumstances or circumstances which are not materially different. Discrimination may be either: Direct discrimination - treating a person less favourably because of their disability. For example, a policy that blind people may not be employed within an organisation; or Indirect discrimination - imposing a requirement or condition where that requirement or condition is one with which people with disabilities are disproportionally unable to comply, which is not reasonable having regard to all the circumstances and with which a complainant with a disability is unable to comply. An example may be where television programs are broadcast without closed captions. In these circumstances, access to the station's products is made conditional upon being able to hear. This is a condition with which Deaf people are disproportionally unable to comply and which is arguably unreasonable. A Deaf person may be able to show indirect discrimination in this case.

The act of treating someone differently on the basis of that individual's race, religion, ethnicity, national origin, age, physical ability, gender, sexual orientation, or other characteristics. Discrimination is action based on one's prejudice.

Any behavior directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group.

any action that unlawfully or unjustly results in unequal treatment of persons or groups based on race, color, gender, national origin, religion, age, or disability. Return to course

Distinction between individuals not based on legitimate terms; arbitrary bias for or against an individual or a group that fails to take true account of their characteristics or treat an individual or a group in a just and equitable manner. Discrimination can be based on age, birth, color, creed, disability, ethnic origin, familial status, gender, language, marital status, political or other opinion, public assistance, race, religion or belief, sex, or sexual orientation.

Treating a person differently because of a personal attribute. Discrimination is unlawful if it occurs because of defined attributes (eg: race, sex, age etc) and in some circumstances (eg: employment, education etc)• Disability• Discrimination• Employment• Same sex couples

Choice for action based upon a subjective or arbitrary criteria. Some discrimination is actionable: race, age, gender, etc. Some is not: competency, education level, prior work history, etc.

The differential treatment of individuals considered to belong to a particular group, including the denial of opportunity, privilege, role, or reward on the basis of sex, race, national origin, or other factors. Prejudice is an attitude; discrimination is its manifestation.

Illegal treatment of a person or group (either intentional or unintentional) based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, handicap, or veteran's status. The term also includes the failure to remedy the effects of past discrimination. Making decisions in prejudicial manner that may exclude or deny opportunity; making distinctions based on racial, ethnic, or distinguishing features such as usage, religious identification of disability. § Combination of prejudice (superiority/inferiority belief system) and institutional power, the power to impose that system on others§ Without power, we all have about the same ability to be prejudiced§ Destructive "isms" (racism, sexism, ageism, ethnocentrism, handicapism, homophobism, etc.)§ Use of institutional power to reinforce biased belief systems and to disadvantage others.

when people make an unjust distinction on the basis of race, colour or sex.

A distinction made in the treatment of others based upon prejudice -- or prejudging. An act against others or a policy directed against others because of their differences, or because of the differences the discriminators are prejudiced against.

Act of not treating everyone alike, because of their social or economic class, or race.

Denying access of goods, resources, and services to members of a particular social group. Discrimination is an action that typically results from prejudice. Discrimination can occur at the individual, organizational, or societal level.

In the context of trade, this refers to treatment of imports differently than domestic production (see “National Treatment”) or different treatment of imports from two countries (see “Most Favored Nation Treatment”). It can also refer to differential treatment of foreign service providers or foreign owned companies.

The treatment of one person or group of persons in a manner that is different than other persons or groups.

The act of making a distinction against or in favor of a person on the basis of the group or class to which the person belongs; the failure to treat people equally.

an act that is committed on the basis of prejudice or bias. Employment discrimination generally refers to any employment practice or decision that intentionally or unintentionally results in the unequal treatment of an individual or group on a basis other than job-related reasons (see Unlawful Discrimination).

A law, rule, or practice that treats groups of people differently, when no reasonable difference can be found between those groups. Unreasonable differences can include race, religion, sex, age, and nationality.

The Treaty of European Union makes protection from discrimination based on nationality, gender, race, ethnic origin, religion, disability, age or sexual orientation a fundamental right of EU citizenship. (See Fundamental rights: Non-discrimination, Fundamental rights in EU treaties, EU citizenship, Immigration: Integration of third-country nationals)

Unequal or unreasonable treatment of workers, whether through hiring or employment rules or through variation of the conditions of employment, because of sex, age, marital status, race, creed, union membership or other activities.

The unequal treatment of individuals on the basis of their personal characteristics, which may include age, sex, sexual orientation, ethnic or physical identity.

Act of making a difference in treatment or favor on a basis other than individual merit.

If you think your landlord is evicting you because of: your race, color, or the country you're from; your sex (male, female, transgender); your religion; you have a mental or physical disability;

The offering of different opportunities to otherwise similar individuals. Discrimination is often based on differences in race, ethnic group, sex, age, or other personal characteristics.

The exercise of choices in selecting risks, as an essential function of any insurance system, when used in matching individual risks with the rates representing their chances of loss or their expenses. Often used erroneously to imply unfair discrimination, which is illegal.

when one group is favored over another and it has nothing to do with ability or resources. Discrimination is based on elements like race and gender.

One of the seven goals; called "rejection" in Yarbro. Its positive pole is sophistication; its negative pole is prejudice. It is used for lifetimes emphasizing critical faculties. It is one of the least frequently used goals.

Discrimination is the denial of justice and fair treatment by both individuals and institutions in many arenas, including employment, education, housing, banking, and political rights. Discrimination is an action that can follow prejudiced thinking.

a difference in treatment of persons, usually unfair treatment.

To treat some one differently because of a different characteristic

An act, for or against, a member of a social category. These acts of discrimination may or may not be a consequence of an attitude or prejudice. Acts always need to be judged against some external criterion (such as acts directed toward other social categories) in order to show discrimination.

(1) Under the terms of Title VI1 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination and Employment Act of 1967 and the Equal Pay Act of 1963, discrimination occurs in compensation when any compensation decision is made on the basis of a person’s age (over 40), race, color, national origin, religion or gender, in a way that cannot be justified on the basis of job-relatedness and business necessity. (2) Under Section 89 of the Internal Revenue Code, benefit plans may be considered discriminatory if appropriate numbers of non-highly compensated employees (a) are not eligible to participate in the plan, and (b) do not participate in the plan. The intent of Section 89 is to avoid giving tax- favored status to benefit plans that benefit only the highly paid employees in an organization. It is permissible to discriminate by group definition, such as salaried only, union employees only, or hourly workers only.

an attitude, behaviour, or treatment based on prejudice

Distinguishing between people on the basis of their race, culture, ethnic origin, nationality, sexual orientation, religion, physical handicap, or characteristics other than individual merit.

means making differences and distinctions among people, ideas, places and things. Treating people differently with respect to employment because of their race, color, sex, national origin, age, religion, or disability is considered illegal discrimination.

Unequal treatment based on your disability, skin colour, religion, sex, age, ethnic origin, etc.

The denial of equal treatment, civil liberties and opportunity to individuals or groups with respect to education, accommodation, health care, employment and access to services, good access to services, goods and facilities. Discrimination may occur on the basis of race, nationality, gender, age, religion, political or ethnic affiliation, marital or family status, physical, developmental or mental disability.

Under a range of different kinds of legislation, the law prohibits discrimination against various sectors of the workforce. Conduct is generally discriminatory where it may be considered to disadvantage a person of a particular sex or race, union members or non-members, ex-offenders, or from late 1996, the disabled. It may occur at recruitment, whilst employed or through termination. It is particularly important because in sex or race discrimination cases, the qualifying period of continuous employment for bringing a claim for dismissal does not apply when based upon discrimination and in such cases the limit on the amount an industrial tribunal may award is not applicable.

To treat a person unfairly because of factors such as age, disability, sex, or national origin.

Refusal of an insurer to provide comparable insurance or use comparable rates for certain individuals or groups with basic characteristics the same as those to whom the coverage or rates are offered. Unfair discrimination is prohibited by law.

The word discrimination comes from the Latin "discriminare", which means to "distinguish between". However, discrimination, as used in this article, is more than distinction or differentiation; it is action based on prejudice resulting in unfair treatment of people. To discriminate socially is to make a distinction between people on the basis of class or category without regard to individual merit.

Discrimination” refers to a listener’s ability to discern among similar-sounding words or phrases in a speech intelligibility test. Return to

It is the ratio of the frequencies (or frequency differences) which specify the extremes of the pass-band and stop-band of a filter.

The process of detecting differences among stimuli. AUDITORY DISCRIMINATION: The identification of likenesses and differences among sounds. VISUAL DISCRIMINATION: The ability to recognize differences among similar but slightly different forms or shapes, as in alphabetic letters.

the cognitive process whereby two or more stimuli are distinguished

a word you can read fairly often on the pages of this website

differential responding given two or more different cues or stimuli; also known as stimulus discrimination.

discrimination is a term that is used in both classical and operant conditioning. In classical conditioning, it refers to an ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus (CS) and other, similar stimuli that don't signal an unconditioned stimulus (US). For example, if Pavlov's dog had developed discrimination, it would have salivated to the tone that had been paired with the delivery of the meat powder, and not a similar tone with a slightly different pitch. In operant conditioning, the definition is essentially the same, but here the organism discriminates between a learned, voluntary response and an irrelevant, non-learned response. For example, a dog that has learned to sit when a person says "sit" in order to receive a treat, but the dog does not sit when a person says "bit".

the smallest unit that the meter can distinguish.

When someone is not treated as fairly as someone else in a similar situation, or treated differently because they are different in some way.

ability to differentiate between visual, auditory, tactual, or other sensory stimuli.

The ability to choose between two closely related responses to a specific stimulus.

the ability to distinguish one thing from another, responding differentially. Discrimination is accomplished through the senses. Auditory discrimination refers to the ability to distinguish one sound from another. Visual discrimination refers to the ability to discriminate between separate visual stimuli. Tactile discrimination refers to the ability to distinguish between things one touches (see auditory discrimination and auditory perception).

As defined here, the ability to recoignise and distinguish between a true spiritual teacher, guru or master, from a fake one. Such discrimination comes from one's own Inner Divine centre. Spiritual seekers with poor discrimination may end up involved with abusive cults.

In hearing terms, it refers to the ability to distinguish between various tonal or speech sounds.

To treat differently; to differentiate or discern between two or more people or things.

The ability to tell the difference between things, to distinguish.

Process of detecting differences between and/or among stimuli.

The ability, acquired through learning, to make distinctions between stimuli that are similar but not exactly alike.

A process of learning to respond to certain stimuli that are reinforced and not to others that are unreinforced.

The act of treating a person differently in a negative manner based on factors other than individual merit.

is the degree to which a test distinguishes the differences between students.

Difference in rates not justified by costs.

The ability to detect differences and likenesses between and among stimuli.

recognition of a difference between two stimuli.

A person has learned to recognize differences in sets of similar stimuli and can adjust responses accordingly.

An operating mode that enables a user to 'dial-in' the types of targets to be discriminated or rejected by the metal detector, so that they will not produce an audio response signal when passed over by the search coil. The amount of discrimination is set by the Discrimination control while operating in the motion Discrimination mode.

Circuitry which ignores or otherwise indicates, a specific target based on its conductivity/ phase.

A feature of most metal detectors rejecting some metal targets, while allowing others to respond. Little discrimination dismisses iron targets, then gold and aluminum, then copper and silver. Setting discrimination too high will cause you to miss valuable targets. No discrimination is recommended for prospecting.

Adjustable circuitry which ignores or nulls audio responses from a specific conductivity range allowing positive responses to be heard from metals higher in conductivity above the discriminate control setting. Designed primarily to eliminate audio response from trash metals. See also Motion Discriminator.

A situation in which a plan, through its provisions or through its operations, favors highly compensated employees to the detriment of other employees.

In the context of employee benefits, favorable treatment of highly compensated employees under an employer's plan.

In the concept of employee benefit plans, favoring highly compensated employees under the benefit plan.

To make a distinction, as in favour of or against a person or thing. The power of making distinctions; discriminating judgment. For example, a person does not get a job because they were known to have made a protected disclosure at their last place of employment.