Any of the particles from outer space that are continuously colliding with the Earth's atmosphere. They are mostly protons, with some nuclei, electrons, and photons. Their interactions with the atmosphere produce a variety of particles, including pions, muons, and neutrinos.
A stream of particles that have been accelerated to almost the speed of light in space. Some enter the Earth's atmosphere and bombard atmospheric atoms. More about cosmic rays...
particles and high-energy light that bombard the Earth from anywhere beyond its atmosphere
Highly energetic atomic particles that originate from the sun and stars and penetrate the earth's atmosphere.
Atomic particles moving through space at near the speed of light. They are believed to be a product of supernovae or flares on the Sun. These particles pass through the telescope CCD and artificially add to the amount of light measured by a small number of pixels on the CCD.
are highly energetic electron-deficient atoms (mainly protons) which impinge equally upon the Earth from all directions. The average cosmic ray has an energy of 7 GeV. Cosmic ray electrons exist but they are only one hundredth as abundant as the protons (Hillas. pp. 67-9). The sky "shines" as brightly with cosmic rays as it does with starlight (Watson). The most energetic cosmic rays have an energy at least 100 billion times the average. Such cosmic rays are very rare.
Not forms of energy, such as x-rays or gamma rays, but particles of matter
are the particles which impinge on the top of the Earth's atmosphere. They are one of the sources of information about the relative abundances of elements in the Universe. Although they are predominantly protons, their elemental composition does exhibit differences with respect to the so-called "universal" abundances, especially for light elements such as Lithium and Boron.
High-energy particles of ionising radiation from space.(See Appendix B)
cosmic rays: just as we on Earth have 12 Planetary Rays there are also 12 Cosmic Rays of which our planet stems, of which our planet is only one. Our planet is a Fourth Ray planet. We live in a Second Ray solar system, for example. This is why there is so much green on our planet and why the skies and oceans are blue. Not the case on other planets
Streams of very high energy nuclear particles, commonly protons, that bombard the Earth and Moon from all directions.
highly energetic particles incident on the Earth's atmosphere. Originating in outer space, they consist mostly of protons with a sprinkling of heavier atomic nuclei.
High-energy particles released when certain stars explode. Cosmic rays can be harmful to some life forms if they reach the Earth's surface.
Radiation, both particulate and electromagnetic, that originates outside the earth's atmosphere.
Relativistic elementary particles, such as electrons, protons or atomic nuclei, that exist throughout interstellar space.
Highly energetic particles that are made of protons (H+, hydrogen atoms that have lost their electron) or alpha particles (He2+, helium atoms that have lost their two electrons).
High energy ionizing particles or radiations originating beyond the earth's atmosphere.
Cosmic rays are very high energy atomic nuclei (mostly protons) traveling through space at close to the speed of light that strike the Earth's atmosphere.
High energy particles, mostly protons and helium nuclei, which permeate the universe. Cosmic rays are believed to be the product of supernovae, cataclysmic events which destroy stars and produce exotic particles.
Electromagnetic waves incident on the earth from space with very high energy and penetrating power.
Streams of high-energy subatomic particles that travel the solar system and bombard the earth from all directions. See pp. 67-69.
high-energy particles that pass through space and stimulate atomic processes
highly energetic particles that move through Earth's atmosphere at the speed of light and that continuously bombard the Earth's atmosphere from all directions;
Cosmic rays are very high energy particles that travel through space near the speed of light. The 10 most abundant elements in cosmic rays are hydrogen, helium, oxygen, carbon, neon, nitrogen, magnesium, silicon, iron, and sulfur. Cosmic rays many sources, including the Sun, supernovae, and distant galaxies. Some cosmic rays enter the Earth's atmosphere.
High-energy radiation that originates outside the Earth's atmosphere.
High-energy particles that fly through the universe at speeds approximating the speed of light. Cosmic rays are mostly the atomic nuclei of hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen that were possibly ejected from supernovae.
Nuclear and subatomic particles moving through space at speeds close to the speed of light. They are thought to come from stars in the Milky Way galaxy.
a kind of radiation constituted by corpuscles, not by actual electromagnetic radiation. It is a flux of charged particles, mostly ions of light elements (Hydrogen, deuterium, helium, litium, etc..) and electrons, that move at a very high speed, near to the speed of light. They have high energy and fill the whole galaxy like a kind of interstellar gas. They are emitted by the stars and during some energetic events, such as explosions of supernovae.
A stream of ionizing radiation (chiefly of protons, alpha particles, and other atomic nuclei).
Charged atomic particles moving in space with very high energies (the particles travel close to the speed of light); most originate beyond the solar system, but some of low energy are produced in solar flares.
extremely high-energy (very fast-moving) sub-atomic particles, mostly protons, in space. Some produced by the Sun. Others produced in star deaths such as supernovae. Highest energy cosmic rays of unknown origin.
Streams of penetrating particles that bombard the earth from outer space. The most energetic of these particles come primarily from supernova remnants.
High energy ionising radiations from outer space. Complex composition at the surface of the earth.
High speed particles that reach the Earth from outer space. Some low energy cosmic rays come from the Sun, but high energy cosmic rays are thought to originate from outside of the Solar System. These possibly originate from supernovae. The highest energy cosmic rays may originate in quasars.