a field, pasture, or orchard and the associated border areas
A crop field is an ecosystem in which ecological processes found in other vegetation formations such as nutrient cycling, predator/prey interactions, competition, commensalism and successional changes occur.
Land used for crops, pasture, and livestock; the adjacent uncultivated land that supports other vegetation and wildlife; and the associated atmosphere, the underlying soils, groundwater, and drainage networks.
A domesticated or harvested ecosystem.
An agricultural system understood as an ecosystem.