The reduction of a country's import duties or other trade restraints in return for comparable trade concessions from another country. Reciprocity includes the lowering of customs duties on imports in return for tariff concessions from other countries; the negotiated reduction of a country's import duties or other trade restraints in return for similar concessions from another country. Reciprocity is a traditional principle of GATT trade negotiations that implies an approximate equality of concessions accorded and benefits received among or between participants in a negotiation. In practice this principle applies only in negotiations between developed countries. Because of the frequently wide disparity in their economic capacities and potential, the relationship between developed and developing countries is generally not one of equivalence. The concept of "relative reciprocity" has emerged to characterize the practice by developed countries to seek less than full reciprocity from developing countries in trade negotiations.

The principle traditionally underlying GATT negotiations, according to which trading partners exchange comparable concessions by negotiating mutually advantageous reductions in import barriers. GATT rules specify that LDC Contracting Parties are not expected to offer fully reciprocal concessions in negotiations with industrial countries. The term "relative reciprocity" is sometimes used to characterize the practice by industrial countries to seek less than full reciprocity from LDCs in trade negotiations. See also sectoral reciprocity and selective reciprocity.

A principle that underlies GATT negotiations, that countries exchange comparable concessions.

the exchange of exactly similar concessions

The principle in clasping which holds that each force on a tooth must be balanced by an equal and opposite force to prevent movement of the tooth.

A principal of the GATT trade system whereby trading partners simultaneously reduce trade barriers, providing each greater access to foreign markets. Speculation Where speculators sell large quantities of a currency in hope that they will be able to buy it back later at a lower price.

The GATT/WTO principle that countries will exchange comparable concessions in negotiations.

The process by which governments extend similar concessions to each other.

(1) According to Marcel Mauss the basic principle of human interaction in which 'gift' givers are superiour to 'gift' receivers because the giving of a gift creates indebitedness. The gift may consist of corporeal or incorporeal (emotions, respect, etc) things. An implication of this is that all social interaction involves hierarchy and inequality. (2) A form of economic exchange which is characterised by the giving of goods and services to others without calculation of value and without an expectation of immediate return although there may be an expectation that one will receive return gifts at a later time.

The reduction of a country's tariffs or other trade restraints in return for comparable trade concessions by another country. Français: Réciprocité Español: Reciprocidad

The principle that where the state imposes an obligation on an individual with a mental disorder to comply with compulsory treatment and care, it should also impose a parallel requirement on mental health services to provide appropriate services following discharge, such as free ongoing services. Alliance policy on principles...

A practice by which governments extend similar concessions to one another.

In international relations and treaties, the principle of reciprocity states that favours, benefits, or penalties that are granted by one state to the citizens or legal entities of another, should be returned in kind.

In social psychology, reciprocity refers to in-kind positive or negative responses of individuals towards the actions of others. Thus positively interpreted actions elicit positive responses and vice versa. Positive reciprocal actions differ from altruistic actions as they only follow from other positive actions and they differ from social gift giving in that they are not actions taken with the hope or expectation of future positive responses.

Reciprocity in evolutionary biology refers to mechanisms whereby the evolution of cooperative or altruistic behaviour may be favoured by the probability of future mutual interactions.