A measure of how similar two images are. When two images are compared, a distance value for visual attribute and an overall distance value (weighted sum of the attribute distances) are calculated. The distance for each visual attribute can range from 0 (no difference) to 100 (maximum possible difference). Thus, the more similar two images are with respect to a visual attribute, the smaller the distance will be between their scores for that attribute.

(D) - vertical travel distance of the hands from the origin to the destination of the lift (measured as an absolute value).

a measure of the extent of base matching of DNA strands from different species, and can be estimated from the effect of base mismatching on the melting temperature

a measure of the reduction in melting temperature of hybrid DNA fragments, caused by differences in their base sequences, and is presumably a measure of the difference between the DNAs of the two species

The number of squares between two pieces. This is a crucial calculation in endgames to determine whether a king can stop a hostile passed pawn.

The measurement from one point to another

Usually treated as a measure of evolutionary divergence, i.e. phylogenetic distance increases with increasing evolutionary divergence. Distances are usually expressed pair-wise among the terminal taxa, and can be calculated based on a specified evolutionary model; the model specifies the probabilities of character-state changes through evolutionary time. Distances are popular for building phylogenetic trees from molecular sequence data (cf. maximum likelihood, parsimony).

The measurement between two points

a measure of the disparity between two observations on a set of variables. The most common measure is the squared Euclidian distance which is the sum of squared differences across a set of variables. Letting m = the number of variables, and Xij be the value of the j-th variable for the i-th case, the squared Euclidian distance between cases k and l is Distance functions are used in cluster analysis to form clusters of variables or cases which are most similar or have small distances.