Inorganic ion or coenzyme that is required for an enzyme's activity.

An inorganic substance that binds to a specific type of enzyme to activateit. Vitamins and minerals frequently serve as cofactors.

A substance that functions as a co-substrate in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. For example, NADPH is a cofactor for cytochrome P450-catalyzed reactions.

Inorganic ion or coenzyme necessary for the activity of an enzyme.

Ions or molecules that must be attached to the active site before an enzyme can function; examples include mineral ions and several vitamins.

a substance (as a coenzyme) that must join with another to produce a given result

a small inorganic component (often a metal ion) that is required for the proper structure or function of an enzyme

a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein

A helper molecule (either inorganic, such as a metal ion, or organic, such as a vitamin) required by an enzyme.

Interaction between two substances that to bring about changes.

An inorganic complement of an enzyme reaction, usually a metal ions. Copper (a metal) is a necessary cofactor (complement) of the angiogenic process (which includes enzyme reactions).

A substance that works with another substance to produce an effect, such as a coenzyme. Also, a condition (for example, being overweight) that works with a another condition (for example, smoking) to produce a synergistic effect (in this case, increased risk of heart attack).

COE-fac-tor A biochemical necessary for an enzyme to function. 119

A molecule which must work with an enzyme in order for that enzyme to function.

A substance that must be present for another substance to be able to perform a certain function.

A substance that acts with another substance to bring about certain effects, often a coenzyme.

a substance that activates an enzyme, commonly an inorganic ion, coenzyme, or vitamin. The virus herpes (HSV) is sometimes called an AIDS cofactor because people infected by both the herpes virus and HIV often progress to AIDS faster than people infected only by HIV.

Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis.

a nonprotein part of an enzyme that is essential to the enzyme's catalytic activity

a compound that is essential for the activity of an enzyme.

Any substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme to catalyze a certain reaction. As a catalyst, cofactors will be returned to their original state when the reaction in which they are needed has finished -- they are not consumed in the reaction or permanently converted to something else. Vitamin B6 is a necessary cofactor to any amino acid.

A chemical that works cooperatively with an enzyme to enhance the enzyme's catalytic ability. Cofactors maybe metallic ions or small organic molecules.

An inorganic molecule required by an enzyme in order to function.

A cofactor is non-protein chemical compound that are bound tightly to an enzyme and required for catalysis. They can be considered "helper molecules/ions" that assist in biochemical transformations. Certain substances such as water and various abundant ions may be bound tightly by enzymes, but are not considered to be cofactors since they are ubiquitous and rarely limiting.