The limitation or loss of opportunities to take an equal part in society. This may be a result of social or environmental barriers. Disability, like racism or sexism, is discrimination.

a complex process of causes, effects, direct influences, individual circumstances and social consequences which can be hard to define

a complex system of social restrictions resulting from discrimination

The Treaty of Amsterdam empowers the EU to take measures against discrimination on the grounds of disability. (See Fundamental rights: Non-discrimination, EU citizenship)

Inborn or assigned characteristics of an individual that may prevent full participation in educational, social, economic, political, religious, institutional or formal activities of a group, or that may require accommodation to enable full participation. Visible disabilities are readily apparent and consequent discrimination or stigma may be more predictable than with invisible disabilities which are not immediately apparent. Persons with disabilities form one of the designated groups in employment equity programs. An important aspect of this definition is voluntary self-identification.