An ethnic group who have their own traditional state within current day Nigeria and who are credited with originating the ashiko drum. Their phenominological world views as well as percussion have had great impact on the formation of supernatural belief systems and sociomusical aesthetic values in the African Diaspora.
West African people who reside in Nigeria who are known for their deities or Orishas which include Osun(Oshun), Oya, Yemoja(Ye-me-ya), Ogun, Shango and others. These Orishas actually represent the various energies of the human psyche as each Ori (chakra) is named for each of the Orishas
City-states developed in northern Nigeria c. 1200 c.e.; Ile-Ife featured artistic style possibly related to earlier Nok culture; agricultural societies supported by peasantry and dominated by ruling family and aristocracy. (pp. 203, 346)