machines used in operating rooms (OR) and intensive care units (ICU) for respiratory support of patients who cannot breathe on their own. There are five main parameters: Tidal Volume (eg. 700 ml) [Volume of gas injected into trachea with each breath] Respiratory Rate (eg. 12 breaths/minute) FIO2 (Fraction of Inspired Oxygen) (eg. 0.6 or 60% oxygen) PEEP (Positive End Expiratory Pressure) (eg. 5 cm H2O) I:E ratio (eg. 1:3) Time for inspiration in relation to time for expiration