The method or subtilties of the schools of philosophy; scholastic formality; scholastic doctrines or philosophy.
A general term for highly organized and highly rationalistic scholarly developments and discussions according to well developed conventions. In Christianity, the rise of universities in 12th-13th century Europe was a high-point for scholasticism (e.g. Thomas Aquinas). Judaism and Islam experienced similar scholastic flourishing in that general period in the west (and earlier in the east, especially for Islam).
the philosophy of the medieval theologians; in general, the divorce of speculation from observation and practice.
The educational tradition of Medieval Schools which employed a method of philosophical and theological speculation aiming at better understanding of revealed truths of faith.
The synthsis of Aristotlian philosophy with Christian teachings.
the system of philosophy dominant in medieval Europe; based on Aristotle and the Church Fathers
A philosophical movement dominant in Western civilization from the 9th until the 17th century and combining religious dogma with the philosophical principles first of Platonism or Neoplatonism and later with Aristotelianism.
a philosophical movement of medieval times characterized chiefly by speculative thought, the merging of theological conceptions with metaphysical ones (as, say, in the work of Aquinas).
The system of philosophy, prevalent in the middle ages, which follows the general lines of Aristotle's principles. It advocates a natural dualism of God and creature, mind and matter, thought and thing, as against monism and pantheism; it defends a moderate realism, as against ultra-realism, nominalism and conceptualism; it is spiritualistic and not materialistic, experimental and not aprioristic, objectivistic and not subjectivistic; in sense-perception it is presentational and not agnostic or representational or idealistic; concerning intellectual knowledge it defends a moderate rationalism, as against sensism, positivism, and innatism; it is common-sense knowledge critically examined and philosophically vindicated.
Dominant medieval philosophical approach; so-called because of its base in the schools or universities; based on use of logic to resolve theological problems. (p. 386)
A particular approach to Christian theology, associated especially with the Middle Ages, which lays emphasis upon the rational justification and systematic presentation of Christian theology.
Scholasticism comes from the Latin word scholasticus, which means "that [which] belongs to the school", and was a method of learning taught by the academics (or schoolmen) of medieval universities circa 1100–1500. Scholasticism originally began to reconcile the philosophy of the ancient classical philosophers with medieval Christian theology. It is not a philosophy or theology in itself, but a tool and method for learning which puts emphasis on dialectical reasoning.