This means a deed can be presumed to have been validly executed by the individual who granted it. Following the Requirements of Writing (Scotland) Act 1995, the expression "probative" is no longer used and the term "self-proving" is used instead. A deed is self-proving if it is subscribed by a granter and also a witness and details of the name and address of the witness are added to the deed, and if there is nothing on the face of the deed to contradict the assumption that the signatures are valid. Deeds by companies are presumed to have been validly executed if executed by two directors or by one director and the company secretary or by two authorised signatories. Alternatively a single director or the company secretary or a single authorised signatory may sign in the presence of a witness.