Existing in neighbouring and nonoverlapping regions. Also, speciation that occurs at the extremes of a species' range, either in environmental terms or geographical location. It is a form of allopatric speciation.

Paripatry means occupying overlapping geographic locations. Compare with allopatry and sympatry.

Parapatry is a type of speciation where the ranges of two species abut but do not overlap. The two species often have contact at the common boundary of their zones, and speciation occurs in partial, but not complete, isolation. It contrasts with allopatry where different species are geographically isolated from each other, and sympatry where different species evolve in the same area.