A fault, with an angle usually between 45-90 degrees, at which the hanging wall (upper block) has moved downward relative to the footwall (lower block).
A fault in which the hanging-wall block moves down the slope of the fault.
A normal fault can result from vertical motion of two adjacent blocks under horizontal tension. (It also occurs in rocks under compression if stress is unequal in different directions. In this case, the minimum and maximum compressive stresses must be applied horizontally and vertically respectively.) In a normal fault, the upper of the two adjacent blocks of rock slips relatively downward. (See reverse (thrust) fault and Figure 1.)
A dip-slip fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below.
dip-slip fault marked by a generally steep dip along which the hanging wall has moved downward relative to the footwall.
A steeply inclined fault in which the hanging wall has moved downward in relation to the footwall.
Breaks in the earth's crust in response to pulling or tension; the overlying block moves down the dip of the fault plane, and the underlying block moves upward.
A break in the surface caused by tensional forces.
an inclined fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward relative to the footwall
a fault where one of the two opposing blocks drops down the fault plane so the overall length of the crust increases
a type of dip-slip fault created by compression
A fault along which the hanging wall appears to move down relative to the footwall, caused by extensional stresses.
A dip-slip fault in which the rock above the fault plane has moved downward to the rock below.
a fault caused by extension, in which the rocks on the upper side of the fracture have moved down relative to the rocks on the under side of the fracture.
A fault that drops rock on one side of the fault down relative to the other side.
A fractured zone which allows a block of younger rocks to slip down and contact older rocks (Image) (Image). These faults are usually at a high angle and are caused by tensional forces.
a fault along which vertical motion has occurred along a tilted fault plane and where the hanging wall appears to have moved down, relative to the footwall. It is due to tension (extension) and results in crustal lengthening. Synonym : "gravity fault".
A fault where the side of the fault which is lowered slips down a surface which is not overhanging.
a pull-apart (tension) fracture in rocks, where rocks that are above the fault surface drop downward in relation to rocks that are below the fault surface
A fault characterized by predominantly vertical displacement in which the hanging wall is moved downward with respect to the footwall of the fault. Generally, this kind of fault is a sign of tectonic extension. View an animation of normal slip.
A fault under tension where the overlying block moves down the dip or slope of the fault plane.