A Russian Satellite network which followed a highly elliptical, non-Geostationary orbit. It is described by a path of 6.5 degrees inclination to the equator, apogee at 65 degrees north latitude. Every 24 hours each Satellite gives 6-8 hours of coverage to a single area. Using multiple convoy Satellites and switching, constant coverage is achieved.

Molniya 8K78 is a modification of the well-known R-7 Semyorka rocket and has four stages.