Midlothian, Scotland, is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It replaced Midlothian and Peeblesshire at the 1955 general election. For the historic constituency of the same name, see Midlothian (1708-1918).

Midlothian (or the anglified Edinburghshire) was a constituency the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1918.

Midlothian is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood). It elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) by the plurality (first past the post) method of election. Also, however, it is one of nine constituencies in the Lothians electoral region, which elects seven additional members, in addition to nine constituency MSPs, to produce a form of proportional representation for the region as a whole.