Wind flowing parallel to pressure isobars or contours with low pressure on the left of the observer in the Northern Hemisphere; velocity such that the pressure gradient, Coriolis, and certrifugal force acting in the area are in balance. Wind created by differing barometric pressures between high- and low-pressure systems. Velocity is generally five to 30 miles per hour, and wind shifts are usually gradual as systems move and shift.
A theoretical wind that results from a balance between the pressure gradient, Coriolis and centrifugal forces. It is a better approximation than the geostrophic wind as it accounts for the curvature of real weather systems.
Wind blowing along curved isobars with a balance of centrifugal, Coriolis and pressure gradient accelerations.
A wind induced in a certain direction by flow of air balancing the pressure gradient caused by the earth's rotation and centrifugal force.
when the path that an air parcel takes is curved (relative to the earth's surface), as so often in meteorology, that airflow is subject to an additional force necessary to maintain a curved path. For cyclonic flow, the 'true' wind that blows will be less than the theoretical/geostrophic wind; for anticyclonic flow the true wind is greater, subject to a limiting maximum. This is why, for example, around what initially looks like a dramatically intense depression, the wind may not be quite so excessive: cyclonic curvature will account for substantial negative correction to the theoretical value. Around a surface ridge, the wind is often surprisingly stronger than might be implied by isobaric spacing.
A theoretical wind that blows parallel to curved isobars or contours.
A wind that theoretically exists as a balance between the pressure gradient, Coriolis, and centrifugal forces. It blows along curved isobars with no tangential acceleration. In the case of rotation around a high/low pressure area the centrifugal force is in the same/opposite direction as the pressure gradient force and leads to an increase/decrease in wind speed compared to that calculated for the geostrophic wind resulting from a balance between the Coriolis and pressure gradient forces.
Any horizontal wind velocity tangent to the contour line of a constant pressure surface (or to the isobar of a geopotential surface) at the point in question.
Wind that flows parallel to the isobars, but non-linearly. Wind that curves cyclonically is sub-geostrophic, or slower than the geostrophic approximation would predict the wind to be, while wind that curves anticyclonically is faster, or super-geostrophic; results from a balance among the PGF, the coriolis force and the centrifugal force.
A steady, horizontal wind flowing along curved isobars is called gradient wind. Where there is imbalance between the pressure gradient and Coriolis forces. When the pressure gradient force is greater than the Coriolis force, the flow takes on a curved path around low pressure. When Coriolis is the larger force, the curved flow is around high pressure.
the same as geostrophic wind, but blowing parallel to curved isobars or contours; the curved airflow pattern around a pressure center results from a balance among pressure-gradient force, coriolis force, and centrifugal force. Russian translation prepared by Nina A. Zaitseva for the Arctic Climatology Project Arctic Meteorology and Climate Atlas.
A steady horizontal air motion along curved parallel isobars or contours in an unchanging pressure or contour field, assuming there is no friction and no divergence or convergence.