A fallacy is an error in reasoning. It refers to typical errors that render unsound the arguments in which they appear. Common fallacies are: The appeal to emotion: The ad populum approach is a common fallacy in arguments. Instead of presenting evidence in an argument, it relies on expressive language and other devices calculated to incite enthusiasm, excitement, anger, or hatred appeal to pathos (pity): A common fallacy in arguments, the ad misericordiam approach is a special case of the appeal to emotion in which the altruism and mercy of the audience are the special emotions to which the speaker appeals.
An error or argumentation, based on the use of words or ideas which have a deceptive resemblance to truth and thereby lead to avoidable false conclusions.
8,9,10,11,12 A typical error in reasoning that arises commonly in ordinary discourse and renders unsound the argument in which it appears.
A mistake of reasoning. Note that not all fallacies are arguments.
An argument that fails to meet any one of the standards of acceptability, relevance, and sufficiency. See also Argument ad hominem; Ambiguity; Appeal to fear; Appeal to popularity; Appeal to tradition; Begging the question; Equivocation; Fallacy of composition; Fallacy of division; Fallacy of incompatibility; Faulty analogy; Hasty conclusion; Improper appeal to practice; Loaded term; Poisoning the well; Post hoc fallacy; Problematic premise; Red herring; Slippery slope argument; Straw person fallacy; Two wrongs fallacy; Vagueness.
An error in reasoning or evidence.
a misconception resulting from incorrect reasoning
a certain kind of defect in an argument
a claim that fails to support a conclusion it is not a claim that wrecks or undermines a conclusion
a false argument or belief Archives H U M O U R Useful Terms to Know Fear of Flying Archives M I S C E L L A N E O U S Link to Great Websites Website maintained with TLC by Phua Kai Lit, Community Medicine Section, International Medical University
a flawed conclusion, and fallacies come in a tremendous variety of flavors
a flaw in the logical form of the argument
a general type of appeal (or category of argument) that resembles good reasoning, but that we should not find to be persuasive
a general type of appeal or category of argument that resembles good reasoning, but uses false logic or unclear reasoning to make its point (see glossary at the end)
a kind of error in reasoning
a logical argument (ie- takes the premise A and argues that if it is true, then conclusion B must also be true) which does not actually follow
a logically defective argument
a logical mistake that is psychologically persuasive
an argument that appears to be good but isn't
an argument that is claimed to be false or mistaken because it does not rely on a provable or truthful assertions, or does not rely on logic, or is an invalid type of reasoning which will lead to a wrong conclusion
an argument that is flawed by its very nature or structure
an argument that is not only not proved but ill-conceived
an argument that sounds good, but isn't plausible when we really analyze it
an argument which seems to be correct but which contains at least one error and, as a consequence, produces a final staternent which is clearly wrong
an error in knowledge or in knowledge engineering, that is in the way knowledge gets organized and presented
an error in one's inferences or argument
an error of reasoning based on faulty use of evidence or incorrect inference (an interpretation of the facts)
an idea that comes from a false sense of information
an illogical way of thinking that's very appealing to almost everybody almost all the time
an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning
an often plausible argument using false or illogical inferences
a pattern of argument that at first looks valid but in fact is not
a statement or an argument based on a false or an invalid inference
a statement or argument based on faulty inference
a technical flaw which makes an argument
a type of argument that is psychologically persuasive but completely invalid
a type of argument that is psychologically persuasive but incorrect
a way that a logical argument can go wrong and thereby fail to be valid or sound , or otherwise fail to properly support its claim
Any mistake in reasoning. More specifically, it often refers to a common pattern of bad reasoning.
A claim that violates various standards of reason.
A logically unsound argument.
a mistaken inference; faulty reasoning; a seemingly reasonable argument which is actually unsound or flawed.
is a mistake in reasoning. ( Study 4)
A form of reasoning that is generally bad, although it is often used and often passes as compelling.
A logical fallacy is an error in reasoning that makes an argument invalid. Some common fallacies include: oversimplification, non sequitur, begging the question, false analogy.
An error in reasoning that makes it impossible to establish the conclusion in question on the given premise; a logical mistake that makes deductive arguments invalid. "Informal fallacies" generally describe a stated inference that frequently (but not always) is not true. Example: Guilt by association -- "He hangs out with bad kids, therefore he must be a bad kid." Maybe so, but he might hang out with them because he's an undercover vice cop, or a Christian youth worker, etc.
False perceptions built upon a logical structure. When individuals' beliefs and needs prevail when making a judgment, fallacies are unavoidable.
A fallacy is a component of an argument that is demonstrably flawed in its logic or form, thus rendering the argument invalid in whole, except in the case of begging the question, a false analogy and other informal fallacies. In logical arguments, fallacies are either formal or informal. Because the validity of a deductive argument depends on its form, a formal fallacy, or logical fallacy is a deductive argument that has an invalid form, whereas an informal fallacy is any other invalid mode of reasoning whose flaw is not in the form of the argument.